Amphotericin B (AmB), the drug of choice for the treatment of most systemic fungal infections, is marketed under the trademark Fungizone, as an AmB-deoxycholate complex suitable for intravenous administration. The association between AmB and deoxycholate is relatively weak; therefore, dissociation occurs in the blood. The drug itself interacts with both mammalian and fungal cell membranes to da...

The effects of free amphotericin B (as Fungizone) and amphotericin B (AMB) incorporated into liposomes on the proliferation of lymphocytes were determined. Freshly obtained guinea pig and rat antigen-specific lymphocytes were compared with rat T-lymphocyte cell lines cultured for a long period of time. Incorporation of AMB into multilayered vesicles significantly reduced its effect relative to ...

In the present study, we developed a self-assembled biodegradable polyglutamic acid (PGA)-based formulation of amphotericin B (AmB) and evaluated its in vitro antifungal potential against Candida albicans. The AmB-loaded PGA nanoparticles were prepared in-house and had a mean size dimension of around 98±2 nm with a zeta potential of -35.2±7.3 mV. Spectroscopic studies revealed that the drug pre...

A heavily immunosuppressed, 43-kg, 9-year-old patient was recovering from a bone marrow transplant. Primary prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections was liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome®, 2.3 mg/kg [100 mg] two times per week). Once home, following a first amphotericin B infusion, he presented with strong diarrhoea and vomiting; this was repeated after the second infusion. The clinical ...

The pharmacokinetic profiles of a traditional formulation of amphotericin B (Fungizone) and novel nanosphere and mixed micelle delivery systems developed for amphotericin B were compared and described. Six groups of male Wistar rats received intravenous injections of the different formulations. Plasma and tissue samples were obtained at 11 different times after dosing, with three animals used e...

A 37 year-old woman patient, from the Turgutlu district of the city of Manisa, was given a diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Immunosuppression was not detected with flow cytometric analysis. Fungizone was given to the patient in 50 mg doses on alternative days 20 times. The treatment was successful and no important side effect was recorded. Considering the importance of visceral leishmaniasi...

AmBisome is a liposomal formulation of amphotericin B that has broad-spectrum antifungal activity and greatly reduced toxicity compared to the parent drug. In this study, amphotericin B deoxycholate (Fungizone) (1 mg/kg) and AmBisome (1 to 20 mg/kg) were tested as single-dose prophylactic agents in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed C57BL/6 mice challenged with either Candida albicans or...

In common with a proportion of patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), the efficacy of AmBisome treatment regimens in our rat model remains suboptimal. To investigate whether this might be the result of initially low antifungal activity of amphotericin B at the site of infection when administered in the liposomal form, Fungizone was added to AmBisome at the start of treatment. Gro...

SPK-843, a new polyene antifungal, exhibited dose-dependent efficacy on murine pulmonary aspergillosis models. SPK-843 doses of higher than 1.0 mg/kg of body weight exhibited no renal toxicities and a tendency toward better survival prolongation than the estimated maximum tolerated doses of amphotericin B (Fungizone) (1.0 mg/kg) and liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) (8.0 mg/kg).

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the biodistribution and toxicity of amphotericin B (AMB) following multiple dose administration of an oral lipid-based formulation (iCo-009). METHODS BALB/c female mice were used. ICo-009 was administered twice daily for 5 days at doses of 2.5-20 mg/kg. Untreated animals, oral vehicle or intravenous Fungizone® (1 or 2 mg/kg) served as control...