The importance of routine pre-oxygenation before induction of anaesthesia was demonstrated in animals. The onset of dangerous levels of hypoxia after the administered of suxamethonium can be delayed considerably by the administration of pure oxygen for 5 minutes before induction. This allows time for an atraumatic and a panic-free intubation before controlled ventilation. After pre-oxygenation ...

To compare force levels obtained from glass fibre-reinforced composite (FRC) archwires. Specifically, FRC wires were compared with polymer matrices having different dimethacrylate monomer compositions. FRC material (E-glass provided by Stick Tech Ltd, Turku, Finland) with continuous unidirectional glass fibres and four different types of dimethacrylate monomer compositions for the resin matrix ...

Definitions of human lung volumes and the mechanisms that set them are reviewed in the context of pulmonary function testing, with attention to the distinction between functional residual capacity (FRC) and the static relaxation volume of the respiratory system, and to the circumstances in which FRC and residual volume are set by dynamic rather than by static mechanisms. Related terms, conventi...

introduction: good functional capacity has a high negative predictive value (npv) in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (cad) similar to a normal gated myocardial perfusion imaging (gmpi). aim of this study was to evaluate npv of functional capacity during treadmill exercise in patients with normal gmpi in pakistani population. methods: this was a prospective study which ...

proteins are not only considered as a nutritional source but also are responsible for a number of functional properties such as solubility, emulsification, foaming capacity and gel formation in food products. however, insolubility of the proteins (as can be seen in gluten) and therefore their insufficient functional properties have created some limita-tions for their incorporation in formulated...

BACKGROUND The statement of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society on the measurement of static lung volumes (SLV) suggests a preferred and alternate method for measuring and calculating SLV. OBJECTIVE To determine if differences in functional residual capacity (FRC), vital capacity (VC), residual volume (RV), and total lung capacity (TLC), obtained using preferred an...