Introduction: Some snails play an important role in the transmission of helminthes, mainly trematodes of medical and veterinary importance. There seems to be no information on the freshwater snails of Gahar Lake in Lorestan province of Iran. The present study aimed to identify medically important snails of this lake. Methods: Samples were collected from ten localities around Gahar Lake in April...

mHE indicator-dilution method has been widely employed for determination of cardiac output since its introduction by Stewart' and Hamilton and associates.2 The effect of unrecognized recirculation of indicator particles upon the primary indicator time-concentration curve has caused concern as to whether this method may be employed in such conditions as mitral regurgitation3' 4and as to whether ...

Probability-based designs reduce bias and allow inference of results to the pool of sites from which they were chosen. We developed and tested probability-based designs for monitoring marine rocky intertidal assemblages at Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (GLBA), Alaska. A multilevel design was used that varied in scale and inference. The levels included aerial surveys, extensive sampling...

Snow-fed river Pinder -a tributary of river Alaknanda in central Himalaya was explored for fish assemblages and habitat specificity. Altogether 27 fish species were reported from three orders, four families and nine genera. Cypriniformes order was dominating followed by Siluriformes and Salmoniformes. Shannon-Weiner diversity index (3.09 to 4.10) and Simpson index of diversity (0.81 to 0.92) of...