The paper proposes shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) based on enhanced learning, which generates a virtual general centre frog that is related to the optimal frog of each memeplex. The algorithm can utilise the superior information of each memeplex, enhance the mutual learning and use the average centre of optimal frog. In the processing of evolution, the optimal frog of sub-memeplex learn...

The consumption of anurans by subsistence hunters in the Brazilian Amazon is unrecorded. Given this scenario, objective study to present first record White-lipped Frog region Rondônia. data were collected through interviews with two migrant from state Espírito Santo, currently residing municipality Itapuã do Oeste used consume white-lipped frog (possibly Leptodactylus latrans) their origin, and...

--------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------To enhance the optimization ability of classical shuffled frog leaping algorithm, a quantum inspired shuffled frog leaping algorithm with adaptive grouping is proposed. In this work, the frog swarms are adaptive grouped according to the average value of the objective functio...

root class Player extends Objectf bool brave; abstract bool wake() { } ; abstract Weapon kissed() {Player } ; g state class Frog extends Playerf Vocal pouch;bool wake() { } ; abstract Weapon kissed() {Player } ; g state class Frog extends Playerf Vocal pouch; bool wake() { } fpouch.blow() ; braveg Weapon kissed() {Player } fthis⇓Prince; sword:= new Weapong g state class Prince extends Playerf W...

We extend by 300 m the known upper elevational range of Marsupial frog, Gastrotheca marsupiata (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841), to 4,660 a.s.l. This record makes G. highest occurring frog in its genus, which is already characterized high-elevation distributions. suggest that this may represent a case climate-induced shifting and discuss context our still limited understanding how amphibian dis...

To improve the unreasonable distribution of sensors' random deployment and increase network coverage rate, an optimization method of wireless sensor networks coverage based on improved shuffled frog leaping algorithm (ISFLA) was proposed in this paper.During the process of updating the frog, a novel learning strategy is introduced, in which the poor frog learns not only from the best frog of it...

The importance of species richness for repelling exotic plant invasions varies from ecosystem to ecosystem. Thus, in order to prioritize conservation objectives, it is critical to identify those ecosystems where decreasing richness will most greatly magnify invasion risks. Our goal was to determine if invasion risks greatly increase in response to common reductions in grassland species richness...

introduction: effects of melatonin (mt) were comparatively examined on melanophores of isolated skin in adults and tadpole’s tailfin of a frog rana cyanophlyctis. mt is generally considered as a potent melanophores aggregating hormone besides regulating the sleep wake cycle in vertebrates. methods: melanophore size index (msi) was chosen as a recording parameter of the responses. concentration-...

A shoe was designed to combine the advantages of a reverse shoe and an adjustable heart bar shoe in the treatment of chronic laminitis. This reverse even frog pressure (REFP) shoe applies pressure uniformly over a large area of the frog solar surface. Pressure is applied vertically upward parallel to the solar surface of the frog and can be increased or decreased as required. Five clinically he...

The effects of sudden cooling of the spinal cord were studied in three species of amphibians--a cold-sensitive tropical toad (Bufo marinus), a cold-resistant, aquatic, hibernating frog (Rana pipiens, northern leopard frog) and a freeze-tolerant frog (Rana sylvatica, wood frog). Ventral root (motoneuron) potentials were recorded from isolated, hemisected spinal cords of each species mounted in a...