Abstract: Throughout the history of Christianity in Japan, tension and conflict have persisted between Jesuits Franciscans. At face value, this appears to be due their different readings policies Rome varied approaches apostolic work. However, upon closer examination, politics also played an important role. Behind two orders were rival maritime powers - Portugal Spain, whose fellow countrymen’s...

Introduction Folk medicine represents part of the folk culture, when we first think about the rural culture with characteristic of the rural population in the pre-industrial period. The difference between official and folk medicine is manifested in the education, knowledge and social status of those practicing folk medicine as well as their patients. The most common ways of treating were the tr...

Since the beginning of twentieth century, it has been a truism that emergence Protestantism was main cause development capitalism. However, careful analysis primary sources, especially in Latin countries, shows quite different reality. Three centuries before Protestantism, Franciscans generated discourse made possible to begin legitimize commercial practices would later enable Based on these pr...

The literary opus of the Bosnian Franciscans is interesting in many ways from imagological point view: both concerning self-perceptions and hetero-perceptions, which were constructed based on importance religion as an element community identity. Analyzing imagotype potential religious ethnic divisions, paper reconstructs controversies between Christianity Judaism, well linguistic elements, folk...

Abstract Research on Franciscan missionaries in California has traditionally either emphasized or excused their use of physical violence indigenous people. This paper adopts a “boundaries” approach to highlight and explain how Franciscans were able both advocate for eschew coercion the same target audience without any perceived contradiction. The argues that unidirectional group boundaries, oft...

Abstract This article revisits the history of Franciscan archives under Ottoman rule by focusing on archival documents, practices, and spaces in Monastery Holy Spirit Fojnica. papers preserved were often associated with oppression. In this study, author demonstrates that documentary relationship between monasteries chanceries was not one-directional cannot be characterized as oppressive. Franci...