Ohala and Ohala (1986) present experimental results that are problematic for Chomsky and Halle’s (1968) model of phonotactic knowledge. They point out that the SPE theory does not distinguish between a word with one ill-formed structure and a word with multiple instances of ill-formedness. Cumulative ill-formedness equally plays no role in standard Optimality Theory (OT: Prince and Smolensky 20...

Automated software verification systems, that try to prove the correctness of a program, use specifications in the code as a base to verify said program. When this specification includes calls to sideeffect free methods, the verification system might want to use the specification of these side-effect free methods to have more information available for its correctness proofs. Unfortunately, the ...

Word frequency plays a role in reduction processes: high-frequency words undergo more reduction than low-frequency words. Pretonic schwa reduction in Dutch is susceptible to frequency effects in this way, but the well-formedness of the cluster that remains after schwa deletion also plays a role. An experiment shows that cluster well-formedness and frequency effects in fact interact with each ot...

1 Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Value and expression syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Context well-formedness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 Constraint well-formedness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5 Well-formedness of types ....

The UML 1.1. as released in September 1997 represents an improved version of the previous document by giving revised definitions of many modelling elements and including well-formedness rules, defining its four layered architecture and organisation by package, and including an Object Constraint Language Specification used within well-formedness rules. In this paper we analyse and critically ass...

This paper describes an integrated method for processing grammatically i l l formed inputs We use partial parses of the input for recov ering from parsing failure In order to select partial parses appropriate for error recovery, cost and reward are assigned to them Cost and reward represent the badness and goodness of a partial parse, respectively The most appropriate partial parse is selected ...

1. Introduction Not all words, real or novel, are created equal — some sound better than others, either for phonological or for morphological reasons. That is, well-formedness is a gradient notion. One simple way to measure gradient well-formedness is through acceptability ratings. For example, native English speakers generally agree that there are several conceivable past tenses for the made-u...

Communication occupies a key place in the professional activities of physical education instructors, who involve students culture and health activities, create conditions for them to master experience such through implementation health-preserving technologies process student-centered education. The aim research is investigate psychological pedagogical peculiarities communicative competence form...

We argue that there are some special situations where it can be useful to repair well-formedness violations occurring in XML-like input, giving examples from our own work. We analyze the types of errors that can occur in XML-like input and present a shallow algorithm that fixes most of these errors, without requiring knowledge of a DTD or XML Schema. A Shallow Algorithm for Correcting Nesting E...

In model-driven development of safety-critical systems (like automotive, avionics or railways), wellformedness of models is repeatedly validated in order to detect design flaws as early as possible. Validation rules are often implemented by a large amount of imperative model traversal code which makes those rule implementations complicated and hard to maintain. Additionally as models are rapidl...