[1] The impacts of the seasonal evolution of sea-ice physical properties on ice-ocean biogeochemical exchanges were investigated in landfast ice at Barrow (Alaska) from January through June 2009. Three stages of brine dynamics across the annual cycle have been identified based on brine salinity, brine volume fraction, and porous medium Rayleigh number (Ra). These are sea-ice bottom-layer convec...

Coal combustion by-products such as fly ash (FA), brine and CO2 from coal fired power plants have the potential to impact negatively on the environment. Reaction of CO2 with FA/ brine slurry can potentially provide a viable route for CO2 sequestration through formation of mineral carbonates. Fractionated FA has varying amounts of CaO which not only increases the brine pH but can also be convert...

One of the important challenges in geological storage of CO2 is predicting, monitoring, and managing the risk of leakage from natural and artificial pathways such as fractures, faults, and abandoned wells. The risk of leakage arises from the buoyancy of free-phase mobile CO2 (gas or supercritical fluid). When CO2 dissolves into formation brine, or is trapped as residual phase, buoyancy forces a...

The atmospherically and technologically very important process of brine rejection from freezing salt solutions is investigated with atomic resolution using molecular dynamics simulations. The present calculations allow us to follow the motion of each water molecule and salt ion and to propose a microscopic mechanism of brine rejection, in which a fluctuation (reduction) of the ion density in th...

An engineered aquatic ecosystem was specifically designed to bioremediate selenium (Se), occurring as oxidized inorganic selenate from hypersalinized agricultural drainage water while producing brine shrimp enriched in organic Se and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for use in value added nutraceutical food supplements. Selenate was successfully bioremediated by microalgal metabolism into organi...

Frozen seawater is a composite material with a sponge-like structure. The framework of the structure is composed of pure ice, and within the pores exists a concentrated seawater brine. When the temperature is reduced, the volume of this residual brine decreases, while its salinity increases. As a result of the paired changes to temperature and salinity, the brine eventually becomes supersaturat...

The capacity of fluvial brine-bearing formations to sequester CO2 is investigated using numerical simulations of CO2 injection and storage. Capacity is defined as the volume fraction of the subsurface available for CO2 storage and is conceptualized as a product of factors that account for two-phase flow and transport processes, formation geometry, formation heterogeneity, and formation porosity...

Abstract We examined polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like compounds formation during brine electrolysis with pitch used as the binding agent of graphite electrode. Graphite electrode was used in the past as an industrial process of chlorine production. The level of PCDFs was up to 1,800,000pg/L (28,000pg-TEQ/L) in brine electrolysis with pitch...

Brine channels are formed in sea ice under certain constraints and represent a habitat of different microorganisms. The complex system depends on a number of various quantities as salinity, density, pH value, or temperature. Each quantity governs the process of brine channel formation. There exists a strong link between bulk salinity and the presence of brine drainage channels in growing ice wi...

Background: Phenolic plant extracts are added as antioxidants in meat to prevent lipid oxidation, but depending on the concentration applied, may affect proteins either through covalent interactions or by serving as a prooxidant. Methods: Brine-injected pork chops prepared with green tea extract (25-160 ppm gallic acid equivalents (GAE)), or maté extract (25-160 ppm GAE) and stored (5 °C, 7 day...