Fluid shear stress plays an important role in bone osteogenic differentiation. It is traditionally believed that pulsed and continuous stress load is more favorable for fracture recovery and bone homeostasis. However, according to our clinical practice, we notice that one single stress load is also sufficient to trigger osteogenic differentiation. In the present study, we subject osteoblast MC3...

Fluid injection has been applied in many fields, such as hazardous waste deep well injection, forced circulation in geothermal fields, hydraulic fracturing, and CO2 geological storage. However, current research mainly focuses on geological data statistics and the dominating effects of pore pressure. There are only a few laboratory-conditioned studies on the role of drilling boreholes and the ef...

Reductions in fluid shear stress produce endothelium-dependent vasoconstriction and promote neointimal hyperplasia, but the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in these processes are poorly understood. To examine whether decreases in fluid shear stress affect endothelial cytosolic pH, carboxy-seminaphthorhodafluor-1-loaded rat aortic endothelial cells were cultured in glass microcapilla...

Arterial hemodynamic shear stress and blood vessel stiffening both significantly influence the arterial endothelial cell (EC) phenotype and atherosclerosis progression, and both have been shown to signal through cell-matrix adhesions. However, the cooperative effects of fluid shear stress and matrix stiffness on ECs remain unknown. To investigate these cooperative effects, we cultured bovine ao...

Ovarian cancer cells are exposed to physical stress in the peritoneal cavity during both tumor growth and dissemination. Ascites build-up in metastatic ovarian cancer further increases the exposure to fluid shear stress. Here, we used a murine, in vitro ovarian cancer progression model in parallel with immortalized human cells to investigate how ovarian cancer cells of increasing aggressiveness...

This study examines identification of rheological parameters for a constitutive model characterizing the rheological behavior of a ferrous nanoparticle-based magnetorheological (MR) fluid. Particle size is nominally 28 nm and the MR fluid has a weight fraction of 27.5% Fe. A constant shear rate rheometer is used to measure flow curves (shear stress vs. shear rate), as a function of applied magn...

Establishing a relationship between perfusion rate and fluid shear stress in a 3D cell culture environment is an ongoing and challenging task faced by tissue engineers. We explore Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) as a potential imaging tool for in situ monitoring of local fluid flow profiles inside porous chitosan scaffolds. From the measured fluid flow profiles, the fluid shear stre...

Although there is no consensus as to the precise nature of the mechanostimulatory signals imparted to the bone cells during remodeling, it has been postulated that deformation-induced fluid flow plays a role in the mechanotransduction pathway. In vitro, osteoblasts respond to fluid shear stress with an increase in PGE(2) production; however, the long-term effects of fluid shear stress on cell p...

Targeted remodeling is activated by fatigue microcracks and plays an important role in maintaining bone integrity. It is widely believed that fluid flow-induced shear stress plays a major role in modulating the mechanotransduction process. Therefore, it is likely that fluid flow-induced shear stress plays a major role in the initiation of the repair of fatigue damage. Since no in vivo measureme...

Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are organized in various patterns in blood vessels. Whereas straight blood vessels mainly contain circumferentially aligned SMCs, curved blood vessels are composed of axially aligned SMCs in regions with vortex blood flow. The vortex flow-dependent feature of SMC alignment suggests a role for nonuniform fluid shear stress in regulating the pattern formation of SMCs. H...