More than 200 years ago, Goethe proposed that each of the distinct flower organs represents a modified leaf [1]. Support for this hypothesis has come from genetic studies, which have identified genes required for flower organ identity. These genes have been incorporated into the widely accepted ABC model of flower organ identity, a model that appears generally applicable to distantly related eu...

in order to evaluate effects of water stress and foliar application humic acid on quantities and qualitative in borage, a field experiment was conducted as a split plots design with three replication in 2012 at agricultural research station, university of zabol. water stress treatments included control or 90 percent of field capacity (w1), 70 percent field capacity (w2) and 50 percent field cap...

background: st. john’s wort (hypericum perforatum l.) is an important medicinal plant that has been widely used for its antidepressant properties. objective: in this study morphological characteristics variation of populations of h. perforatum were investigated. methods: in this study, different morphological characteristics of 25 h. perforatum populations in iran’s natural habitats were evalua...

Water stress is one of the main factors of severe damage and limitation of plant production in Iran. The paper reports a pot experiment conducted by using a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications (each replication composed of four pots) to compare the physiological and biochemical characteristics of two varieties of tuberose (double- and single-flow...

Hymenocallis littoralis has allelochemical importance such as defensive compounds, insect repellents, attractants, and their role in ecological balance. Antioxidant activities of Hymenocallis littoralis bulb, anther, flower, stem, leaves and root methanolic extracts were evaluated using Ferric Reducing Antioxdiant Power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic and flavonoid ...

several plant growth regulators are used to improve the quality of cut flower in bulb plants, but their effectiveness depends on genotype and plant growth conditions such as nutrition status. a pot experiment was conducted under farm condition to study benzyl adenine (ba) and potassium nitrate interaction on floret diameter, stem diameter, flower height, flower number per bulb, fresh and dry we...

Early angiosperm evolution, beginning approximately 140 million years ago, saw many innovations that enabled flowering plants to alter ecosystems globally. These included the development of novel, flower-based pollinator attraction mechanisms and the development of increased water transport capacity in stems and leaves. Vein length per area (VLA) of leaves increased nearly threefold in the firs...

Flowering is controlled by a variety of interrelated mechanisms. In many plants, the environment controls the production of a floral stimulus, which moves from the leaves to the shoot apex. Apices can become committed to the continuous production of flowers after the receipt of sufficient amounts of floral stimulus. However, in some plants, the commitment to continued flower production is evide...