INTRODUCTION Preparation techniques and instruments produce and push debris out of canals. This can induce inflammation within the periapical area. Therefore, instrumentation that causes less extrusion of debris is more desirable. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the quantity of debris extruded from the apical foramen during root canal preparation by using one hand, and two ro...

INTRODUCTION Fearless removal of tooth structure during canal preparation and shaping has negative effects on the prognosis of treatment. On the other hand, sufficient pre-enlargement facilitates exact measurement of the apical size. The present in vitro study aimed to compare the efficacy of Gates-Glidden drills, K3, ProTaper, FlexMaster and RaCe instruments in dentin removal during coronal fl...

INTRODUCTION The introduction of nickel-titanium (NiTi) files into clinical practice has improved the quality of canal shaping, but increasing the curvature of the root canal (or the diameter of the master instrument that prepares the full working length) could result in more transportation, straightening, and aberration of the canal. Nickel-titanium instruments are significantly safer and have...

AIM To investigate the morphological changes in the apical third of the root canal after preparation with three techniques. METHODOLOGY Forty molar teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography before and after instrumentation with: Group 1 - stainless steel K-files using the balanced force technique; Group 2 - stainless steel K-files (balanced force) and then refining the apical prepara...

introduction: pulpectomy of primary teeth is commonly carried out with hand files and broaches; a tricky and time consuming procedure. the purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the cleaning efficacy and time taken for instrumentation of deciduous molars using hand k-files and flex master rotary system. materials and methods: in this study, 68 canals of 23 extracted primary molars with a...

Introduction: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare shaping ability of NiTi rotary Mtwo and FlexMaster with stainless steel hand K-Flexofile in curved root canals of extracted teeth. Materials and Methods: Mesiobuccal canals of 45 mandibular molar teeth were balanced into three groups of 15 each, with respect to the Schneider angle, canal access angle, height, dis-tance and radiu...