We assessed the hydration state of antlers and its effect on antler mechanical properties compared with wet femur. Red deer antlers were removed from the head at various times, from a few days after velvet shedding till late in the season, and weighed weekly until after casting time. Antlers cut just after losing their velvet lost weight rapidly in the first few weeks, then settled down and cha...

in order to prevent the shrinkage of olive fruit and maintain its fresh being, and  also to increase the oil content and dry matter, the effect of kaolin at three levels of application (0, 2.5% and 5%) on four varieties of olive (mission, conservolea, keillet, blady) was evaluated within a period of four months, in ahwaz, the tests being repated in 3 replicates. results revealed significant eff...

Two emaciated common loons (Gavia immer) were believed to have died of lead poisoning when fragments of fishing lines and lead sinkers were discovered in their stomachs. Later a third emaciated loon, which had only the remnants of fishing line in its stomach, was suspected of being a possible lead-poisoning victim when all other test results were negative. The liver lead levels in the first two...

One hundred and sixteen sewage sludge samples from 22 municipal wastewater treatment plants in Sweden were analysed for brominated flame retardants. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were in the range n.d.-450 ng/g wet weight, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) varied between n.d. and 220 ng/g wet weight, 2,4,6-tribromophenol was in the range n.d.-0.9 ng/g wet weight and polybrominated biphenyl...

Changes in glutathione levels were determined in tissues of 11- to 12-week-old Swiss albino mice at different stages of Dalton's lymphoma tumor growth and following cisplatin (8 mg/kg body weight, ip) treatment for 24-96 h, keeping 4-5 animals in each experimental group. Glutathione levels increased in spleen of tumor-bearing compared to normal mice (9.95 +/- 0.14 vs 7.86 +/- 1.64 micromol/g we...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intestinal failure defined by the minimal energy and wet weight absorption required to avoid home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is not well described. Thus the aim of this study was to identify the minimal level of gut function necessary to avoid parenteral support using objective measurements of intestinal function. METHODS Energy (bomb calorimetry) and wet weight absorption...

Recent studies demonstrated that cholecystokinin (CCK) at physiological levels stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion via a capsaicin-sensitive afferent vagal pathway. This study examined whether chemical ablation of afferent vagal fibers influences pancreatic growth and secretion in rats. Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagal trunks were exposed, and capsaicin solution was applied. Pancreatic wet w...

Sustained release matrix pellets loaded with 5% w/w diclofenac sodium (DS) were prepared using extrusion/spheronization technique. Different polyethylene glycols (PEGs) of different molecular weight, namely PEG 2000, PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 were mixed with avicel PH 101® in different weight ratios to manufacture the pellet formulations and water was used as a binder. Mix torque rheomter was used ...

In isolated fiber bundles of external intercostal muscle from each of 13 normal volunteers and each of 6 patients with myotonia congenita, some or all of the following were measured: concentrations of Na(+), K(+), and Cl(-), extracellular volume, water content, K(+) efflux, fiber size, fiber cable parameters, and fiber resting potentials. Muscle from patients with myotonia congenita differed si...

To assess potential indices of nutritional condition, we examined changes in lipid content and the blood refractive index (BRI) of postlarval, juvenile and adult prawns (Penaeus spp.) that had been starved or fed to different levels of satiation. The whole-body lipid content (WBL) of small juvenile P. esculentus (20–120 mg wet weight) decreased significantly after 12 h of starvation. The WBL of...