Erythropoietin (Epo) gene expression in kidney and liver is inducible by anemia. To localize the sequences necessary for regulated expression of the Epo gene, we constructed transgenic mice containing five human Epo gene constructs and examined Epo expression under basal conditions and with anemia. Mice containing the Epo gene with 0.3 kb of 5' flanking sequence, 0.7 kb of 3' flanking sequence,...

Four genes that encode mouse U1a1, U1b2 and U1b6 snRNAs have been isolated from a mouse genomic DNA library. They all appear to be functional U1 genes since they are accurately transcribed into full length, capped snRNAs upon injection into Xenopus oocytes. A mouse pseudogene that is not transcribed in Xenopus oocytes was also isolated from the mouse genomic library. DNA sequence analysis of th...

Genomic sequences located at the 3' flanking region of the human CD2 gene confer high level tissue-specific, position-independent expression of the gene when introduced in the germ line of mice. In order to further characterize these sequences a range of deletions, from the 3' end were produced and transgenic mice were generated with the human CD2 (hCD2) gene linked to these deleted fragments. ...

Several kinds of tRNA genes of Xenopus laevis are clustered together within tandemly repeated 3.18-kilobase DNA fragments. Other members of these reiterated tRNA gene families are dispersed and irregularly arranged in the genome. Here we report the isolation and some characteristics of one such dispersed gene that codes for a tyrosine tRNA. It is located within a low copy number 9.4-kilobase re...

The neutral theory of molecular evolution predicts that regions of the genome that evolve at high rates, as revealed by interspecific DNA sequence comparisons, will also exhibit high levels of polymorphism within species. We present here a conservative statistical test of this prediction based on a constant-rate neutral model. The test requires data from an interspecific comparison of at least ...

A single nucleotide polymorphism located in the 3' flanking region of the human CLOCK gene was investigated as a predictor of diurnal preference in a population-based random sample of 410 normal adults. Morningness-eveningness preferences were determined using the 19-item Home-Ostberg questionnaire. Subjects carrying one of the two CLOCK alleles, 3111C, had a significantly lower mean Horne-Ostb...

Sowct: 1111tl DL'.I"Niplion of C/onl!: A 2 kb EmRI fr¡¡gnwut from thc 3' flankiug n:gion of thc hUillilll aortic smooth n1uscle actin gene thal Wits subdoncd inlu pUCI~ 1 {pASMDc).

The gene encoding actin in the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus has been isolated and sequenced. It contains five introns, with three being at positions already known to be intron sites in actin genes from other eukaryotes. These three positions have not been found to occur simultaneously in any other organisms to date, suggesting that the actin gene in this fungus may more closely r...

The evolutionary history of a region of DNA encompassing the Adh locus is studied by comparing patterns of variation in Drosophila melanogaster and its sibling species, D. simulans. An unexpectedly high level of silent polymorphism in the Adh coding region relative to the 5' and 3' flanking regions in D. melanogaster is revealed by a populational survey of restriction polymorphism using a four-...

Lactoferrin (Lf) is a bioactive protein present in all external secretions such as milk that plays important role in the innate host defense. Therefore, the Lf has a major role in bovine mammary gland defense during mastitis. In this study, 5’-flanking region of bovine Lf gene containing three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions −602 (T/G), −600 (A/G) ...