Information on nutritional adequacy and inadequacy of dietary patterns is useful when making practical dietary recommendations. We examined nutritional inadequacy of dietary patterns among 3756 Japanese female dietetic students aged 18-20 years. Diet was assessed with a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ). Dietary patterns were determined from intakes of 33 food groups ...

The effects of nutrients and planktivory on the accumulation of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in aquatic food chains were investigated in large lake enclosures. Food-chain compositions in the enclosures were manipulated by additions of planktivorous fish (+F), nutrients (+N), both nutrients and fish (+NF), or received no additions (-NF). The treatments resulted in higher plankton but ...

Enrichment of live foods by essential nutrients such as highly unsaturated fatty acids is an important tool for improvement of larval fish quality. In this study, nutritional effects of Artemia urmiana enriched by fish and plant oils on growth, survival rate, body compositions and resistance against thermal, salinity and hypoxic stresses in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss were examined. Six ...

BACKGROUND Nutrients have been proposed to be related to metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aims of this study were to identify dietary patterns that correlated with several nutrients using reduced rank regression (RRR) and to examine the association between extracted dietary patterns and prevalence of MetS in a Japanese population. METHODS The study population comprised 1,092 Japanese men and wo...

1. Fish can play an important role in coupling benthic and pelagic habitats by consuming benthic prey and providing essential nutrients to algae in dissolved form. However, little is known about the factors affecting the magnitude of this nutrient subsidy. 2. Using laboratory and mesocosm experiments we evaluated how varying ingestion rates of bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) affects fish...

Schools of juvenile haemulid fish feed in sea grass beds at night. By day they rest over coral heads, where they excrete substantial quantities of ammonium and particulate nitrogen and phosphorus into the nutrient-poor waters. The percentages of these nutrients contributed by the fish were comparable to those from other sources. Coral heads with resident fish schools grew faster than those with...

Rice and fish are common staple foods in many parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The cultivation of fish in paddy fields has proven to be highly productive. Simultaneous rice and fish cultures can be accomplished with l i t t l e extra effort and is economically feasible and practical. Fish enhance rice yield through predation of insect pests, reduce aquatic vascular plant and algal grow...

Agricultural activities increase exports of nutrients and sediments to lakes, with multiple potential impacts on recipient ecosystems. Nutrient inputs enhance phytoplankton and upper trophic levels, and sediment inputs can shade phytoplankton, interfere with feeding of consumers, and degrade benthic habitats. Allochthonous sediments are also a potential food source for detritivores, as is sedim...

The key to integrating a biological index to output from the SWAT/HUMUS model is to develop a relationship between the pertinent output from SWAT (nutrients and sediment) to the biological index. Wang et al. (2007) began developing the relationship between nutrients and assemblages of fish and macroinvertebrates in 240 wadeable streams in Wisconsin. From their sampling data they were able to de...