a mandibular first molar requiring root canal therapy was found with five canals, three mesial canals, and two distal canals. initially, four canals (mesiobuccal, mesiolingual, distobuccal, and distolingual) were identified. the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals were found in their normal locations, and a fifth canal was noted between these two. this case demonstrates a rare anatomical config...

in order to identification of plant parasitic nematodes associated with plants in fruit orchards of west azerbaijan province, iran, a survey was conducted during 2011 and 2012. nematodes were extracted from soil and root samples by using centrifugal-flotation and whitehead's tray, transferred to glycerin and mounted in permanent slides. morphological and morphometrical characters of the specime...

NOTE: This is a first draft of the RMSPG report. It needs substantial polishing, is definitely too long and still, in places, incomplete. However, we post it in this preliminary state in order to invite community input at a stage when input can still help us shape the final report. We trust that the unevenness and imperfection will be recognized for its preliminary nature (“warts and all”). We ...

background successful endodontic treatment is dependent on the knowledge of root canal anatomy. objectives this study aims to investigate the root canal anatomy of mandibular first molars in an iranian population. materials and methods one hundred human mandibular first molars were collected and stored in 5.25% naocl. radiographic images of the teeth were taken in mesial, distal, and buccal asp...

Abstract: Human maxillary first molars are usually considered as three-rooted teeth with four root canals for the presence of a second canal in the Mesio Buccal root (MB2). In addition, lateral ramifications and apical delta of the root canal system may frequently occur, increasing the probability of leaving untreated spaces after the root canal therapy. A thorough knowledge of root canal mor...

Most text mining techniques have been proposed only for English text, and even here, most research has been conducted on specific texts related to special contexts within the English language, such as politics, medicine and crime. In contrast, although Arabic is a widely spoken language, few mining tools have been developed to process Arabic text, and some Arabic domains have not been studied a...

The structure of this paper is as follows. There is a review of some of the anomalies that have been encountered by social indicators researchers section “Anomalies as Prods to Research”, and an overview of studies exploring various explanatory hypotheses of the anomalies section “Overview of Previous Research”. Plausible next steps are considered in the fourth section “Next Steps”. Beginning w...

The purpose of the first draft is to get one’s ideas on paper and to try out a plan of organization for those ideas. Of course, it should follow the outline that you have prepared beforehand! Much of the effort of a first draft is experimental. For example when writing, one should err toward including, rather than excluding, information and ideas. That is, the first draft is the time to see whe...