BACKGROUND People with chronic conditions who do not achieve therapeutic targets have a higher risk of adverse health outcomes. Failure to meet these targets may be due to a variety of barriers. This article examines self-reported financial barriers to health care among people with cardiovascular-related chronic conditions. DATA AND METHODS A population-based survey was administered to wester...

BACKGROUND Some patients with cardiovascular-related chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease report financial barriers to achieving optimal health. Previous surveys report that the perception of having a financial barrier is associated with self-reported adverse clinical outcomes. We sought to confirm these findings using linked survey and administrative data to determine, among pat...

This cross-sectional study examined potential demand-side barriers to women's use of basic health services in rural southern Egypt (Upper Egypt). Face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire were carried out on 205 currently-married women, inquiring about their use of health facilities: regular antenatal care (ANC) during the last pregnancy and medical treatment services when they su...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of the transition to adulthood on financial and non-financial barriers to care in youth with asthma. STUDY DESIGN With National Health Interview Survey data from 2000 to 2005, we examined delays and unmet needs because of financial and non-financial barriers, evaluating the effect of adolescent (age, 12-17 years; n = 1539) versus young adult age (age, 18-24 yea...

Consider a rectangular art gallery divided into n rectangular rooms, such that any two rooms sharing a wall in common have a door connecting them. How many guards need to be stationed in the gallery so as to protect all of the rooms in our gallery? Notice that if a guard is stationed at a door, he will be able to guard two rooms. Our main aim in this paper is to show that Èn/2 ̆ guards are alway...

CONTEXT The prevalence and consequences of financial barriers to health care services and medications are not well documented for patients with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). OBJECTIVE To measure the baseline prevalence of self-reported financial barriers to health care services or medication (as defined by avoidance due to cost) among individuals following AMI and their association wi...

This paper develops a model to assess the quantitative effects of barriers to entry and financial frictions on cross-country income and TFP differences. The main focus is on the interaction between barriers to entry and financial frictions. The model is calibrated to match the firm level statistics for the U.S. economy assuming a perfect financial market. The quantitative analysis shows that ba...

Recent literature on multinational firms has stressed the importance of low productivity as a barrier to the cross-border expansion of firms. However, firms typically also need external finance to finance the costs of market entry. In addition to productivity-related real barriers, financial constraints may thus restrict market entry. Building on a model of multinational firms facing real and f...