Objective- To describe the normal sonographic images of the soft tissues of the dorsal and palmar aspects of the fetlock region in the draught horses.   Design- Descriptive study.   Animals- Five clinically and radiographically normal draught male horses were used during this study.   Procedures- Horses were examined both radiographic and ultrasound ante mortem and post mortem. Based on the pro...

OBJECTIVES To describe a technique for arthroscopy of the fetlock joint of the dromedary camel, and the problems that could occur during and after arthroscopy. METHODS Seven animals (4 cadaveric limbs and 3 living camels) were used in this study. Two dorsal arthroscopic portals (lateral and medial) and one palmaro-lateral portal were used. Distension of the joint capsule was effected by injec...

AIMS To determine the frontal plane position of the ground reaction force vector at its centre of pressure under the hoof of walking horses, and its projection through the distal limb joints, and to relate this to hoof geometric measurements. METHODS Reflective markers were glued to the forelimb hooves and skin of 26 horses, over palpable landmarks representing centres of the coffin, fetlock ...

The incidence of developmental orthopedic disease on a commercial Thoroughbred farm was studied over a four year period. A total of 271 foals were monitored. DOD was diagnosed in 10% of the foals. Fetlock OCDs tended to occur before 180 days of age while hock, shoulder and stifle OCDs occurred around 300-350 days of age. Foals that developed hock and stifle OCDs as yearlings tended to be large ...

OBJECTIVES To compare the clinical and inflammatory joint responses to intra-articular injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) including autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic cells in horses. METHODS Six five-year-old Thoroughbred mares had one fetlock joint injected with Gey's balanced salt solution as the vehicle control. Each fetlock j...

OBJECTIVE To investigate continuous wavelet transformation and neural network classification of gait data for detecting forelimb lameness in horses. ANIMALS 12 adult horses with mild forelimb lameness. PROCEDURE Position of the head and right forelimb foot, metacarpophalangeal (ie, fetlock), carpal, and elbow joints was determined by use of kinematic analysis before and after palmar digital...

The purpose of this study was to create a lower forelimb model of the Thoroughbred horse for measuring the force in the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons (SDFT and DDFT), and the suspensory ligament (SL) during a trot. The mass, centers of gravity, and inertial moments in the metacarpus, pastern, and hoof segments were measured in 4 Thoroughbred horses. The moment arms of the SDFT, DD...

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Although beach training is commonly used in horses, limb loading on beach sand has never been investigated. A dynamometric horseshoe (DHS) is well adapted for this purpose. OBJECTIVES To compare ground reaction force (GRF) and fetlock kinematics measured in harness trotters on 2 tracks of beach sand with different water content. METHODS Two linear sand tracks we...