A very small electrode (nanobiosensor) was constructed by immobilizing enzyme (glucose oxidase or hexokinase) on the surface of the cantilever of the atomic force microscope in order to detect the absorption of glucose molecules by living cells. If glucose is present, the nanobiosensor deflects, probably due to the reaction heat evolved in the process. Nanobiosensors built with inactivated enzy...

Nanosensors can be defined as sensors based on nanotechnology. The aim of some nanobiosensor projects at potentially high volume applications in the public health sector, as preventing food poisoning where markets might be significant, while the other aim to improve on existing clinical practises by allowing the more quantification and rapid detection of bacteria and viruses. It should increase...

Design and fabrication of electronic biosensors based on field-effect-transistor (FET) devices require understanding of interactions between semiconductor surfaces and organic biomolecules. From this perspective, we review practical considerations for electronic biosensors with emphasis on molecular passivation effects on FET device characteristics upon immobilization of organic molecules and a...