This paper studies the dynamics of scam hosting infrastructure, with an emphasis on the role of fast-flux service networks. By monitoring changes in DNS records of over 350 distinct spam-advertised domains collected from URLs in 115,000 spam emails received at a large spam sinkhole, we measure the rates and locations of remapping DNS records, and the rates at which “fresh” IP addresses are used...

In this paper we present our approach to fast flux detection called CROFlux that relies on the passive DNS replication method. The presented model can significantly reduce the number of false positive detections, and can detect other suspicious domains that are used for fast flux. This algorithm is used and implemented in Advanced Cyber Defense Centre – a European project co-funded by the Europ...

We present the first empirical study of fast-flux service networks (FFSNs), a newly emerging and still not widelyknown phenomenon in the Internet. FFSNs employ DNS to establish a proxy network on compromised machines through which illegal online services can be hosted with very high availability. Through our measurements we show that the threat which FFSNs pose is significant: FFSNs occur on a ...

Fast flux networks represent a special type of botnets that are used to provide highly available web services to a backend server, which usually hosts malicious content. Detection of fast flux networks continues to be a challenging issue because of the similar behavior between these networks and other legitimate infrastructures, such as CDNs and server farms. This paper proposes Fast Flux Watch...

We analyze a high-fidelity two-qubit gate using fast flux pulses on superconducting fluxonium qubits. The is realized by temporarily detuning magnetic through loop away from the half quantum sweet spot. simulate dynamics of two capacitively coupled fluxoniums during and optimize pulse parameters to obtain highly accurate $\sqrt{i\mathrm{swap}}$-like entangling gate. also evaluate effect noise q...