Terpenes have various applications as fragrances, cosmetics and fuels. One of the most prominent examples is the sesquiterpene farnesene, which can be used as diesel substitute in its hydrogenated form farnesane. Recent metabolic engineering efforts have enabled efficient production of several terpenes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Plant terpene synthases take on an essentia...

Male and female codling moths, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) responded to fruit-baited traps in orchards. Numbers of codling moths trapped with immature uninfested apples (Malus spp.), immature apples infested with larval codling moth, fresh ripe apples, stored ripe apples, or fresh ripe pears (Pyrus spp.) were signiÞcantly greater than in unbaited traps. Greatest numbers of c...

Superfi cial scald of apples and pears, which manifests as brown or black patches on the fruit skin, results from necrosis of the hypodermal cortical tissue (Bain and Mercer, 1963) and is thought to be induced by oxidation products of the sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene (Anet, 1972a; Huelin and Coggiola, 1970a, 1970b; Huelin and Murray, 1966). Synthesis of sesquiterpenes in plant tissues occurs...

Pre-storage treatment of superficial scald-susceptible apple and pear fruits with the blocker of ethylene action 1-methylcyclopropene (1CP) inhibits the synthesis of -farnesene. Consequently, accumulation of -farnesene and its conjugated trienol (CTol) oxidation products n the fruit skin is diminished, and scald is largely prevented. In cold-stored apple fruit, a marked increase in expression o...

D ufour G land, Harpagoxenus, Heptadecane, (£)-ß-Farnesene, Homofarnesene The volatile components of tlic Dufour gland sccrcticn of wcrlvcrs cf t*!C eint arpoxeni+s sublaevis have been analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Over 20 compo­ nents have been identified, consisting of linear and terpenoid hydrocarbons. Each gland contains approximately 6 ng of hydrocarbons with n-hept...

Two major volatile constituents of the male mouse preputial gland, E,E-alpha-farnesene and E-beta-farnesene, were examined for their role in inducing estrous cycles in grouped female mice. The results indicated that the mixture of the farnesenes was as effective as the homogenate of the intact preputial gland, while the extract of the castrate preputial tissue did not show a pronounced response.

Among the terpenes, isoprene (C5) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (C10) have been shown to ameliorate abiotic stress in a number of plant species via two proposed mechanisms: membrane stabilization and direct antioxidant effects. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (C15) not only share the structural properties thought to lend protective qualities to isoprene and monoterpene hydrocarbons, but also react ra...

BACKGROUND The sesquiterpene (E)-ß-farnesene is the main component of the alarm pheromone system of various aphid species studied to date, including the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae. Aphid natural enemies, such as the marmalade hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus and the multicolored Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis, eavesdrop on aphid chemical communication and utilize (E)-ß-farnesene as ...

When attacked by insects, plants release mixtures of volatile compounds that are beneficial for direct or indirect defense. Natural variation of volatile emissions frequently occurs between and within plant species, but knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms is limited. We investigated intraspecific differences of volatile emissions induced from rosette leaves of 27 accessions of Arab...

Twenty-five strains of Fusarium sambucinum grown on wheat kernels were examined for trichothecene production and the synthesis of volatile sesquiterpenes. The volatiles were purged with air and collected on Tenax traps. Adsorbed compounds were eluted from the traps and injected into a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. Ten strains isolated from potato tubers produced high amoun...