The aim of the present study was to investigate lipid-induced regulation of lipid binding proteins in human skeletal muscle and the impact hereof on insulin sensitivity. Eleven healthy male subjects underwent a 3-day hypercaloric and high-fat diet regime. Muscle biopsies were taken before and after the diet intervention, and giant sarcolemmal vesicles were prepared. The high-fat diet induced de...

Fatty acid transport proteins are present on the plasma membrane and are involved in the uptake of long-chain fatty acids into skeletal muscle. The present study determined whether acute endurance exercise increased the plasma membrane content of fatty acid transport proteins in rat and human skeletal muscle and whether the increase was accompanied by an increase in long-chain fatty acid transp...

The protein and mRNA levels of several muscle lipid-binding proteins and the activity and mRNA level of muscle lipoprotein lipase (mLPL) were investigated in healthy, nonobese, nontrained (NT), moderately trained, and endurance-trained (ET) women and men. FAT/CD36 protein level was 49% higher (P < 0.05) in women than in men, irrespective of training status, whereas FAT/CD36 mRNA was only higher...

Endurance flights of birds, some known to last several days, can only be sustained by high rates of fatty acid uptake by flight muscles. Previous research in migratory shorebirds indicates that this is made possible in part by very high concentrations of cytosolic heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), which is substantially upregulated during migratory seasons. We investigated if H-FA...

Giant sarcolemmal vesicles were isolated from rat heart and hindlimb muscles for a) characterization of long-chain fatty acid transport in the absence of metabolism and b) comparison of fatty acid transport protein expression with fatty acid transport. Giant vesicles contained cytosolic fatty acid binding protein. Palmitate uptake was completely divorced from its metabolism. All palmitate taken...

THE REGULATION OF FATTY ACID TRANSPORT AND TRANSPORTERS IN INSULIN-, AND CONTRACTION-STIMULATED SKELETAL MUSCLE Swati S. Jain Advisor: University of Guelph, 2011 Professor A. Bonen The clearance of circulating glucose and long-chain fatty acids (FA) into skeletal muscle involves the translocation of glucose transporter GLUT4, fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36), plasma membrane associated fatty a...

BACKGROUND Dietary fatty acids may be important in regulating gene expression. However, little is known about the effect of changes in dietary fatty acids on gene regulation in human skeletal muscle. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the effect of altered dietary fat intake on the expression of genes encoding proteins necessary for fatty acid transport and beta-oxidation in skeletal mu...

Because insulin has been shown to stimulate long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) esterification in skeletal muscle and cardiac myocytes, we investigated whether insulin increased the rate of LCFA transport by altering the expression and the subcellular distribution of the fatty acid transporters FAT/CD36 and FABPpm. In cardiac myocytes, insulin very rapidly increased the expression of FAT/CD36 protein ...

We examined whether, in human obesity and type 2 diabetes, long chain fatty acid (LCFA) transport into skeletal muscle is upregulated and contributes to an excess intramuscular triacylglycerol accumulation. In giant sarcolemmal vesicles prepared from human skeletal muscle, LCFA transport rates were upregulated approximately 4-fold and were associated with an increased intramuscular triacylglyce...

PGC-1α coactivator plays a decisive role in the maintenance of lipid balance via engagement in numerous metabolic processes (i.e., Krebs cycle, β-oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain). It constitutes a link between fatty acids import and their complete oxidation or conversion into bioactive fractions through the coordination of both the expression and subcellular re...