Using the most comprehensive developing country dataset ever compiled on air and water pollution and environmental regulations, the paper assesses India’s environmental regulations with a difference-in-differences design. The air pollution regulations are associated with substantial improvements in air quality. The most successful air regulation resulted in a modest but statistically insignific...

Economists generally view environmental enforcement as a tool to secure compliance with regulations. This paper demonstrates that credible enforcement significantly increases statutory overcompliance with regulations as well. We find that many plants with discharges typically below legally permitted levels reduce discharges further when regulators issue fines, even on other plants. Also, likely...

A synthetic HAV-containing decapeptide homologous to the amino acid sequence 44R-Q53 in rat extracellular superoxide dismutase B affects cadherin-dependent cell aggregation. Cell lines, some of them transfected, expressing different types of cadherins were tested using in vitro cell aggregation and cell dissociation assays. A concentration-dependent inhibition of aggregation by the EC-SOD-deriv...

We study the effect of outdoor air pollution on the productivity of indoor workers at a pear-packing factory. Increases in fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a pollutant that readily penetrates indoors, leads to significant decreases in productivity, with effects arising at levels below air quality standards. In contrast, pollutants that do not travel indoors, such as ozone, have little, if any, ...

While pollution reduction remains a common policy priority, no consensus exists on how best to stimulate needed action. This paper compares the effectiveness of relative and absolute performance standards in motivating emissions cleanup by stationary polluters. Using a unique panel characterizing Chilean pollution sources, I examine a natural experiment created by a change in the performance st...

In this paper we present a new approach to evaluate the environmental efficiency of decision making units. We propose a model that describes a two-stage process consisting of a production and an end-of-pipe abatement stage with the environmental efficiency being determined by the efficiency of both stages. Taking the dependencies between the two stages into account, we show how nonparametric me...

This paper analyzes the marginal willingness to pay for changes in noise levels related to changes in the volume of flight movements at a city airport in Stockholm, Sweden, by using a choice experiment. When estimating marginal willingness to pay for different times of the day and days of the week, we find that these vary with the temporal dimensions: mornings and evenings have higher marginal ...

A growing literature documents that air pollution adversely impacts health, productivity, and cognition. This paper provides the first evidence of a causal link between aggressive behavior, as documented by violent crime. Using geolocation crimes in Chicago from 2001–2012, we compare crime upwind downwind major highways on days when wind blows orthogonally to road. Consistent with research link...

This investigation explores the common assumption that music and motion are closely related by comparing the stopping of running and the termination of a piece of music. Video recordings were made of professional dancers’ stopping from running under different deceleration conditions, and instant values of body velocity, step frequency, and step length were estimated. In decelerations that were ...