Third and fourth line chemotherapy agents are not helpful in the setting of extensive stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We describe the case of a 43-year-old Korean patient with T4N3M1b extensive stage SCLC who responded remarkably well to treatment and experienced a prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) period following treatment with fourth line ifosfamide and carboplatin after experie...

BACKGROUND : We investigated whether independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer such as ethnicity, smoking history, socioeconomic, and marital statuses are also applicable to extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). METHODS : SCLC patients diagnosed from 1991 to 2005 from 3 Southern California counties were identified. Prognostic factors fo...

In an extensive form game, an assessment is said to satisfy the one-deviation property if for all possible payoffs at the terminal nodes the following holds: if a player at each of his information sets cannot improve upon his expected payoff by deviating unilaterally at this information set only, he cannot do so by deviating at any arbitrary collection of information sets. Hendon et al. (1996. ...

abstractacquiring vocabulary, as a significant and challenging part of language learning process, has always been consistent with reading. in this study, the researchers examined the effect of enhanced extensive reading on efl learners’ incidental acquisition of english vocabulary, with specific focus on phrasal verbs. twenty five homogenized participants were selected and divided into two grou...

Detailed mechanistic understanding of L1 retrotransposition is sparse, particularly with respect to ORF1p, a coiled coil-mediated homotrimeric nucleic acid chaperone that can form tightly packed oligomers on nucleic acids. Although the coiled coil motif is highly conserved, it is uniquely susceptible to evolutionary change. Here we studied three ORF1 proteins: a modern human one (111p), its res...

We correct the formulation of one of the properties in [C AI6s-Ferrer, K. Ritzberger, Trees and extensive forms, 1. Econ. Theory 143 (1) (2008) 216-250]. The correction concerns property (EDP.iii') in Section 6.2 (p. 239) and affects results in that final section only. This propcrty, which determines when an Extensive Decision Problem (EDP) is called an Extensive Form (EF), is misstated in the ...

This chapter develops a unified analytical framework, drawing on and extending the existing literature on the subject, for studying the role of property rights in economic development. It addresses two fundamental and related questions concerning the relationship between property rights and economic activity. (i) What are the mechanisms through which property rights affect economic activity? (i...

An extensive empirical literature indicates that returns from innovation are appropriated primarily via mechanisms other than formal intellectual property rights – and that ‘imitation’ is itself a costly activity. However most theory assumes the pure nonrivalry of ‘ideas’ with its implication that, in the absence of intellectual property (for example under an ‘open source’ regime), innovation (...

Abstract The game-theoretical approach to non-extensive entropy measures of statistical physics is based on an abstract measure of complexity from which the entropy measure is derived in a natural way. A wide class of possible complexity measures is considered and a property of factorization investigated. The property reflects a separation between the system being observed and the observer. App...