This paper introduces a procedure that takes a simple version of extensional semantics and generates from it an equivalent possibleworld semantics that is suitable for treating intensional phenomena in natural language. This process of intensionalization allows to treat intensional phenomena as stemming exclusively from the lexical meaning of words like believe, need or fake. We illustrate the ...

The importance of clarifying the goals of a cryptographic protocol is widely recognised. The majority of authors have addressed intensional goals which are concerned with correct operation within the protocol itself. Extensional goals are properties independent of the protocol and deene what the protocol is designed to achieve. This paper reviews the previous literature on goals in protocols an...

It is well known that the extensional axiom of choice (ACext) implies the law of excluded middle (EM). We here prove that the converse holds as well if we have the intensional (‘type-theoretical’) axiom of choice ACint, which is provable in Martin-Löf’s type theory, and a weak extensionality principle (Ext−), which is provable in Martin-Löf’s extensional type theory. In particular, EM ⇔ ACext h...

Cellulose derivatives containing associating hydrophobic groups along their hydrophilic backbone are used as rheology modifiers in the formulation of water-based spray paints, medicinal sprays, cosmetics and printable inks. Jetting and spraying applications of these materials involve progressive thinning and break-up of a fluid column or sheet into drops. Strong extensional kinematics develop i...

The animation of synthetic faces is still a low-level process requiring much human expertise and hw/sw resources. The constraint-based facial animation editor system, FESINC, provides two kinds of support: allows the a-priory, declarative definition of dynamical expressions and requirements, and assures that while making the animation, these requirements are fulfilled. The novelty of the approa...

The issue of whether extensional viscosity is a concept that causes more confusion than enlightenment is addressed. This author’s view is that misuse of the concept certainly has caused much confusion and, although it is in principle a simple and straightforward idea, it continues to be misused. What is straightforward is the formal definition of extensional viscosity, for steady uniform extens...

We describe methods for automated theorem proving in extensional type theory with primitive equality. We discuss a complete, cut-free sequent calculus as well as a compact representation of cut-free (ground) proofs as extensional expansion dags. Automated proof search can be realized using a few operations to manipulate extensional expansion dags with variables. These search operations form a b...