Since the early 1990s, export control problems have increasingly become one of the key issues in USRussian relations and have frequently surfaced during bilateral dialogue between Russia and a number of other developed countries. Moreover, export controls are actively discussed at multilateral international forums in which Russia participates, such as the G-8. Beginning in the mid-1990s, issues...

The NBIS-EC software is subject to U.S. export control laws. This report documents the export controlled distribution of biometric image software developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The export controlled NBIS software is organized into two major packages: 1. NFSEG is a fin...

China has moved up a steep learning curve on nuclear proliferation since it joined the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 1984. Beijing has stated repeatedly that it opposes nuclear proliferation and will not help any country develop nuclear weapons. In 1992, it acceded to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) after more than 20 years of criticism. Nevertheless, it is fair to say that al...

The use of export controls to regulate the supply of major conventional arms systems and materials associated with weapons of mass destruction (WMD) has long been a central component of nonproliferation efforts. But how well are US and multilateral efforts to control the export of advanced weaponry and sensitive dual-use technologies working? Iraq’s ability to purchase key components for its WM...

This paper investigates the relationship between innovation and the export behavior of firms using data from a representative panel of Spanish firms over 1991-2002. It presents a simple theoretical model of the firm decision to export and innovate that guides the econometric analysis. Consistent with the predictions of the theoretical model, the econometric results suggest a positive effect of ...

The control of chylomicron output by the intestine is a complex process whose outlines have only recently come into focus. In this review we will cover aspects of chylomicron formation and prechylomicron vesicle generation that elucidate potential control points. Substrate (dietary fatty acids and monoacylglycerols) availability is directly related to the output rate of chylomicrons. These subs...

Little is known about the identity of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) export signals and how they are used to regulate the number of proteins on the cell surface. Here, we describe two ER export signals that profoundly altered the steady-state distribution of potassium channels and were required for channel localization to the plasma membrane. When transferred to other potassium channels or a G prot...