Abstract The excedance set of a permutation π = π1π2 · · ·πk is the set of indices i for which πi > i. We give explicit formulas for the number of permutations whose excedance set is the initial segment {1, 2, . . . ,m} and also of the form {1, 2, . . . ,m,m + 2}. We provide two proofs. The first is an explicit combinatorial argument using rook placements. The second uses the chromatic polynomi...

It is shown that, by a suitable embedding in the standard H1-optimal control problem, the generalized H1-optimal control problem can be recast as a 1-block Nehari problem. Since an explicit solution exists for the latter, there appears to be little need for the iterative polynomial-based solution procedures recently presented in the literature.

The goal of this thesis is to explore how foreign language learning can be facilitated through the use of intelligent computer-assisted language learning (ICALL) based on natural language processing (NLP) methods. ICALL was provided in the form of a task-based dialog system that gives corrective feedback.We investigated how different parameters of the interaction affect the learning progress. B...

We consider the explicit solution to axisymmetric diffusion equation. recast in form of a Mellin inversion formula, and outline method compute formula for \(u(r,t)\) as series using Cauchy residue theorem. As consequence, we are able represent equation rapidly converging series. doi:10.1017/S1446181121000110

Critical issues of gender justice are frequently analyzed in the American legal academy without meaningful attention to the insights of newer feminist theories. To some degree this is understandable, as newer feminisms have added substantially to the overall complexity of feminist scholarship and have employed a less accessible argumentative style than older feminist theories. Selective “tuning...

With the aim of more emphasis on pragmatics and its inclusion in EFL classrooms, this study attempted to investigate the effectiveness of obtrusive and unobtrusive focus on form instructions on learners’ pragmatic performance of criticizing in English. 54 Iranian learners, all at intermediate level, participated in this study, and they were divided into three groups: 19 participants receiving o...

We use the well-known framework of concrete categories to show how much of standard universal algebra may be done in an abstract and still rather intuitive way. This is used to recast the unifying view of behavioural semantics of speciications based on behavioural satisfaction and, respectively, on behavioural equivalence of models abstracting away from many particular features of standard alge...

Many AI problems can be recast as finding an optimal path in a discrete state space. An abstraction defines an admissible heuristic function as the distances in a smaller state space where arbitrary sets of states are “aggregated” into single states. A special case are pattern database (PDB) heuristics, which aggregate states iff they agree on the state variables inside the pattern. Explicit-st...

For the efficient identification of quantum states, we propose notion linear canonical wavelet transform in framework mechanics. Using machinery Dirac representation theory and integration within an ordered product operators, recast to a matrix element squeezing–displacing operator U(?,s)KM between analyzing vector ??| two-mode state |f? be transformed. We also derive inner relation inversion f...