Traffic related sources are a significant contributor of particulate matter, particularly in urban environments and major cities. Traffic related particles can be distinguished into: exhaust traffic related particles, which are emitted as a result of incomplete fuel combustion and lubricant volatilization during the combustion procedure, and nonexhaust traffic related particles, which are eithe...

Stringent regulations governing automobile exhaust emissions are due to come into force i n the United States. Johnson Matthey have undertaken the development of platinum-based catalytic reactors for control of these exhaust emissions. Two new types of catalyst have demonstrated the feasibility of exhaust control by catalytic means, nnd have been incorporated on test vehicles to achieve emissio...

Due to the large contribution of the coldstart process to unburned hydrocarbon emissions of an internal combustion engine during FTP cycle tests, we take a new look at the production of hydrocarbons inside the combustion chamber during coldstart. To this end a model is developed which predicts the exhaust port hydrocarbon concentration, exhaust gas temperature and equivalence ratio based on a s...

This study explores the relationship between the vehicle exhaust emissions caused by a trip and the characteristics of the driver involved. The hypothesis formulated is that certain ‘groups’ of individuals produce more emissions (per kilometre) than others and therefore should be treated differently when aiming vehicle emission reduction. To support this hypothesis an activity-based survey coll...

The paper presents an analysis of the gaseous exhaust emissions along with an analysis of the size and mass distribution of particulate matter from a Euro V compliant road tractor. The vehicle was fitted with an engine of the displacement of 15,6 dm, maximum power output 412 kW generating a maximum torque of 2700 Nm (1991 lb/ft). For the tests the authors used portable exhaust emission analyzer...

The rapid development of the shipping industry has brought great economic benefits but at a great environmental cost; exhaust emissions originating from ships are increasing, causing serious atmospheric pollution. Hence, the mitigation of ship exhaust emissions and the establishment of the sustainable ecosystem have become urgent tasks, which will require complicated and comprehensive systemati...

The modeling of turbocharged diesel engine transient operation appeared in the early 1970s and continues to be in the focal point of research due to the importance of transient response in the everyday operating conditions of engines. Simulations of various levels of complexity have been used so far to study engine performance during transients. On the other hand, the very important issue of ex...

Emissions from modern SI-engines are reduced by a three way catalyst. However if there are leaks in the exhaust system before the catalyst emissions increase for two reasons. First the untreated emissions leak out. Second which is worse, due to waves in the exhaust system, oxygen leaks into the manifold and causes an oxygen sensor offset. The result is increased emissions as the air/fuel contro...

Aim: The present study attempted to reduce NOx emissions in the exhaust of low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine, with an air gap insulated piston with superni (an alloy of nickel) crown, an air gap insulated liner with superni insert and ceramic coated cylinder head with crude pongamia oil (CPO, a non-edible vegetable oil) with varied injection pressure and injection timing using the principl...

methanol as a biofuel is an environmental friendly substitute to pure diesel and can be obtained from biomasses. use of biofuels such as methanol for combustion process is associated with positive environmental impacts. using pure methanol or blended with diesel fuel in automotive has been proposed by researchers. in this paper, methanol was injected into combustion chamber of a ism 370 hd dies...