Introduction: Nuclear radiation is potentially harmful to humans and soil contamination with radionuclides is the main source of human radiation exposure. These radionuclides can., enter to human body through the food chain. In this study, 34 soil samples were collected from between Arak city and Shazand Power Plant over 20 km length and analyzed. Materials and Methods: The specific activities ...

BACKGROUND The Alberta oil sands are an important economic resource in Canada, but there is growing concern over the environmental and health effects as a result of contaminant releases and exposures. Recent studies have shown a temporal and spatial trend of increased polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in sediments and snowpack near the Athabasca oil sands operations (i.e., op...

When assessing the impact of radiation exposure it is common practice to present the final conclusions in terms of excess lifetime cancer risk in a population exposed to a given dose. The present investigation is mainly a methodological study focusing on some of the major issues and uncertainties involved in calculating such excess lifetime risks and related risk projection methods. The age-con...

Background: Turkey, especially the northern part of it, was one of the countries which were contaminated by the Chernobyl accident.  Rize is a city located in the Northeastern district of Turkey which was heavily influenced by the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Materials and Methods: In this study, the activity concentrations of natural (226Ra, 232Th, 40K) and artificial (137Cs) were measurem...

BACKGROUND Tools for estimating population exposures to environmental carcinogens are required to support evidence-based policies to reduce chronic exposures and associated cancers. Our objective was to develop indicators of population exposure to selected environmental carcinogens that can be easily updated over time, and allow comparisons and prioritization between different carcinogens and e...

BACKGROUND Building demolition can lead to emission of dust into the environment. Exposure to silica dust may be considered as an important hazard in these sites. The objectives of this research were to determine the amount of workers' exposure to crystalline silica dust and assess the relative risk of silicosis and the excess lifetime risk of mortality from lung cancer in demolition workers. ...

BACKGROUND Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) has recently been classified as a known human carcinogen. OBJECTIVE We derived a meta-exposure-response curve (ERC) for DEE and lung cancer mortality and estimated lifetime excess risks (ELRs) of lung cancer mortality based on assumed occupational and environmental exposure scenarios. METHODS We conducted a meta-regression of lung cancer mortality and ...

Background. The healthy worker effect (HWE) is a source of bias in occupational studies of mortality among workers caused by use of comparative disease rates based on public data, which include mortality of unhealthy members of the public who are screened out of the workplace. For the US astronaut corp, the HWE is assumed to be strong due to the rigorous medical selection and surveillance. This...