End-user development (EUD), the practice of users creating, modifying, or extending programs for personal use, is a valuable but often challenging task for nonprogrammers. From the beginning, EUD systems have shown that recommendations can improve the user experience. However, these usability improvements are limited by a reliance on handcrafted rules and heuristics to generate reasonable and u...

Modern treatment planning systems for three-dimensional treatment planning provide three-dimensionally accurate dose distributions for each individual patient. These data open up new possibilities for more precise reporting and analysis of doses actually delivered to irradiated organs and volumes of interest. A new method of summarizing and reporting inhomogeneous dose distributions is reported...

BACKGROUND To assess the benefits of bladder wall sub-volume equivalent uniform dose (EUD) constraints in prostate cancer intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) planning. METHODS Two IMRT plans, with and without EUD constraints on the bladder wall, were generated using beams that deliver 80 Gy to the prostate and 46 Gy to the seminal vesicles and were compared in 53 prostate cancer patients....

Acknowledging the competition in today’s global markets demands enterprises to be resilient in order to survive. Therefore product life cycles shorten and new customer segments have to be addressed permanently. Obviously, such environments require flexible information systems, which can be adapted quickly to the enterprises’ changing needs, without spending vast amounts of resources. Using End ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE For the first time, delivered dose to the rectum has been calculated and accumulated throughout the course of prostate radiotherapy using megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) image guidance scans. Dosimetric parameters were linked with toxicity to test the hypothesis that delivered dose is a stronger predictor of toxicity than planned dose. MATERIAL AND METHODS Dose-s...

Multi-level adaptation in end-user development (EUD) is an effective way to enable non-technical end users such as educators to gradually introduce more functionality with increasing complexity to 3D virtual learning environments developed by themselves using EUD approaches. Parameterization, integration, and extension are three levels of adaptation ranging from straightforward to complex in te...

In the course of our survey of biologically active compounds from natural sources, eudistomins were isolated from a Caribbean tunicate Eudistoma olivaceum. In the present experiments, eudistomin M (Eud-M, > 10(-5) M) caused a concentration-dependent increase in the contractile response of skinned fibers from guinea pig skeletal psoas muscles to Ca++. The superprecipitation and ATPase activity o...

End user development (EUD) of system applications is typically undertaken by end users for their own, or closely aligned colleagues, business needs. EUD studies have focused on activity that is small scale, is undertaken with management consent and will ultimately be brought into alignment with the organisation’s software development strategy. However, due to the increase pace of today’s organi...

To facilitate the use of biological outcome modeling for treatment planning, an exponential function is introduced as a simpler equivalent to the Lyman formula for calculating normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). The single parameter of the exponential function is chosen to reproduce the Lyman calculation to within approximately 0.3%, and thus enable easy conversion of data contained ...

BACKGROUND Re-irradiation is a reasonable second treatment option for patients with recurrent malignant glioma (MG) after previous radio(chemo)therapy. However, only limited data is available allowing for a precise selection of patients suitable for re-treatment in regard to safety and efficacy. METHODS Using the department database, 58 patients with two courses of percutaneous radiation were...