Two new electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design by using only 1 × VDD low-voltage devices for mixedvoltage I/O buffer with 3 × VDD input tolerance are proposed. Two different special high-voltage-tolerant ESD detection circuits are designed with substrate-triggered technique to improve ESD protection efficiency of ESD clamp device. These two ESD detection circuits with different design ...

INTRODUCTION The elevated risk of complications and technical complexity of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has limited its implementation in our medical system. OBJECTIVE To design and evaluate a training program for learning the ESD technique. METHODS Four endoscopists with no experience with ESD underwent a 4-step training program: 1) review of the existing literature, didactic ma...

This report presents a comprehensive investigation on the advantages of using copper interconnects in ESD protection designs. 4KV GGMOS ESD protection structures using Cu interconnects, a 2GHz ring oscillator circuit and a low-power, high-speed Op Amp circuit were designed for comparison study. In Phase I, simulation results show that, while ESD protection devices may inevitably affect circuit ...

Introduction of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has brought about a renaissance in therapeutic endoscopy. For the globalization and universalization of ESD, the number of physicians who can perform ESD has rapidly increased with general ex vivo and in vivo training using animal models and hand-on courses. In this focused review series, world-renowned ESD experts described the published s...

A substrate-triggered technique is proposed to improve electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection efficiency of ESD protection circuits without extra salicide blocking and ESD-implantation process modifications in a salicided shallow-trench-isolation CMOS process. By using the layout technique, the whole ESD protection circuit can be merged into a compact device structure to enhance the substrate...

Co-design strategy with low-capacitance (low-C) consideration for on-chip ESD protection in RF ICs is a solution to mitigate RF performance degradations caused by ESD protection device. A low-C design on ESD protection device was presented in this paper. An RF power amplifier (PA) codesigned with the low-C ESD protection device was also presented in this paper. Before ESD stress, RF performance...

This paper proposed a silicon controller rectifier (SCR) based ESD protection device to protect low voltage ESD for integrated circuit. The proposed ESD protection device has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage compared with conventional SCR-based ESD protection devices. The proposed ESD protection circuit is verified and compared by TCAD simulation. This paper verified effective low v...

Background and study aims  Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a widely accepted method for en-bloc resection of dysplastic lesions and early cancer in Asia and Europe. A limiting factor in adoption of ESD in the United States is perceived lack of training opportunities. The aims of this study were to: (1) evaluate ESD experience of attendees at a University-sponsored ESD training course;...

Background and study aims Esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is technically difficult because of narrow working spaces and ease of perforation due to the lack of serosa. HybridKnife is a recently developed ESD device that is combined with the high pressure waterjet ERBEJET 2 system to lift mucosa. We hypothesized that this waterjet could make submucosal dissection safer and studi...

ESD structures have inevitable parasitic impacts on circuit performance. This paper reports results of an investigation into ESD-induced circuit performance degradation in RFICs including clock corruption, reduced slew rate, narrowed bandwidth, and noise generation. Performance degradation of ~80%, ~30% & ~5% were observed in clock, Op Amp and LNA circuits studied, which were recovered substant...