ES-62, a glycoprotein secreted by the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae, has been shown to modulate the immune system through subversion of signal transduction pathways operating in various immune system cells. With respect to human bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), ES-62 was previously shown to inhibit FcϵRI-mediated mast cell functional responses such as degranulation and pro-i...

We have reported that excretory/secretory (ES) products from Spirometra erinaceieuropaei plerocercoids suppress production and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in murine macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. The present study demonstrates that ES products suppress TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 gene expression in human monocytic...

When embryos are cultured individually or in small groups, blastocyst yield efficiency and quality are usually reduced. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of supplementation of the embryo culture medium (CM) with several growth factors (GFs) on embryo development and apoptosis rate when a reduced number of embryos were in vitro cultured. Two experimental studies (ES) were carrie...

Men are less prone to autoimmunity than women thanks to the anti-inflam-matory effect of male sex hormones. But how these androgens, such as testos-terone, exert this effect was a mystery. Dunn and colleagues now report on page 321 that a nuclear hormone receptor that gets boosted by testosterone switches off pro-inflammatory cytokine production in male CD4 + T cells. Androgens are known to shi...

BACKGROUND RNA interference technology has shown high therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. However, serum instability, poor tissue permeability and non-specific uptake of short interfering RNA (siRNA) limit its administration in vivo. To overcome these limitations and improve the specificity for ovarian cancer, we developed a targeted nanoparticle delivery system for siRNA. This system i...

Eph receptor (Eph)-ephrin signaling plays an important role in organ development and tissue regeneration. Bidirectional signaling of EphB4-ephrinB2 regulates cardiovascular development. To assess the role of EphB4-ephrinB2 signaling in cardiac lineage development, we utilized two GFP reporter systems in embryonic stem (ES) cells, in which the GFP transgenes were expressed in Nkx2.5(+) cardiac p...

this study was conducted to investigate the spatial variability of model parameters of soil shrinkage curve in cherlgerd district, chaharmahal-va-bakhtiari province. ninety nine locations were selected and soil clods were collected from the 0-10 cm layer and brought to the laboratory. soil shrinkage curve was measured, according to archimedes's principle, by covering the undisturbed clods ...

Da im HEAD-System eine statische Anfrageoptimierung eingesetzt wird, ist die Größe der Zwischenergebnisdatenmengen zur Laufzeit nicht bekannt, so daß eine Abschätzung auf der Basis von Datenbankstatistiken erfolgen muß. Um eine Kostenbewertung vornehmen zu können, müssen daher entsprechende Statistiken vorliegen, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Kardinalität (Tupelanzahl) der einzelnen Relationen,...

and Applied Analysis 3 Ta bl e 1: Fr ac tio na lo rd er de riv at iv es fo rs om ef un ct io ns . Fu nc tio ns Lfr ac tio na ld er iv at iv es x β , > − 1 x − α + β Γ ( 1 + β )