Cabbages (Brassica oleracea L.) treated with S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) herbicide had reduced amounts of leaf surface waxes (40.6~o of controls) and reduced densities of leaf surface wax crystallites (20.8~o of controls). Leaf waxes of EPTC-treated plants chemically and morphologically resembled leaf waxes of genetically glossy cabbages resistant to the diamondback moth Plutella xylos...

The influence of MG-191 safener on the uptake, translocation and metabolism of [l4C]acetochlor and [14C]EPTC was studied. The amounts of absorbed radioactivity by maize seedlings at 3, 6, 24, and 72 h after applications of [l4C]labeled herbicides and [l4C]MG-191 were different. Plants treated with [l4C]acetochlor took up 30to 50-fold more radiolabel with­ in 72 h than [14C]EPTCor [14C]MG-191-tr...

Understanding the spatial variability of herbicide sorption to soil is important in determining the bioavailability as well as leaching potential of the chemical across a field. Multiple methods have been used to estimate herbicide sorption variability at the macroscale, but it has been difficult to measure soil heterogeneity or herbicide sorption at the individual field level. One method to de...

An environmental preference test chamber (EPTC) was designed, constructed, and utilized in an initial test for response of laying hens to atmospheric ammonia. The EPTC featured four interconnected, individually ventilated clear acrylic compartments. Each compartment contained a wire-mesh cage that was divided into two sections, one section used for a test bird to navigate between the compartmen...

Determination of the N-terminal sequences of two EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylcarbamothioate)-induced proteins from thiocarbamate-degrading Rhodococcus sp. strain NI86/21 resolved by two-dimensional electrophoresis enabled the localization of the respective structural genes on two distinct DNA fragments. One of these strongly induced proteins is a NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase active on aliphatic ald...

Half-lives (t1/2) of two soil incorporated s-triazines (atrazine and prometon) and two thiocarbamate (EPTC and triallate) herbicides were determined in relation to soil moisture content in two California soils. Treated soils were incubated at three moisture levels in aerated glass vials at 25 +/- 1 degree C and were analyzed at 0, 7, 16, 28, 56 and 112 day intervals. Loss of herbicides in all t...

S-Ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) was oxidized into its corresponding sulfoxide by microsomal fractions from etiolated maize seedlings. This reaction is catalyzed by a hydroperoxide-dependent enzyme, identified as a peroxygenase. The hydroperoxides formed from fatty acids by a lipoxygenase are efficient co-substrates o f the EPTC sulfoxidation. The effects o f the safener dichlormid on t...

Field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides NICOSULFURON and EPTC alone or in combination with seed priming on weed control and corn yield. NICOSULFURON (80 g a.i. ha‒1) was applied at four- to six-leaf stage of corn as post-emergence and EPTC (4920 g a.i. ha‒1) applied as pre-plant incorporation (PPI). Among the herbicide treatments, the lowest ...

Campylobacter jejuni is a natural commensal of the avian intestinal tract. However, the bacterium is also the leading cause of acute bacterial diarrhea worldwide and is implicated in development of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Like many bacterial pathogens, C. jejuni assembles complex surface structures that interface with the surrounding environment and are involved in pathogenesis. Recent work in...