With the development of computer science, communications technology and environmental modeling, virtual geographic environments (VGEs) have been linked with field observations and geographic modeling. VGEs enable researchers in various fields to collaboratively perform computer-aided geographic experiments. This study proposes a collaborative environment to conduct a virtual flood experiment th...

VGE geographic knowledge refers to the abstract and repeatable geo-information which is related to the geo-science problem, geographical phenomena and geographical laws supported by VGE. That includes expert experiences, evolution rule, simulation processes and prediction results in VGE. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for VGE knowledge engineering in order to effectively manage and ...

This paper describes the development of a variety of computer-based assessment opportunities, both formative and summative, that are available to a large first year biology class at The University of Sydney. These materials include: weekly quizzes; a mock exam; quiz sections in tutorials; and special self-assessment modules (SAMs). The weekly quiz is password protected and secure but the remain...

Two methods of grid based and image based modeling were put forward respectively to represent the landform of watersheds on the Loess Plateau, China. Many kinds of spatial data such as Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Remote Sensing (RS) images, and photos are utilized to establish the digital 3-D terrains of watersheds on the Loess Plateau, which provides 3-D virtual geographic environments for ...

Virtual geographic environments (VGEs) have been regarded as an important new means of simulating, analyzing, and understanding complex geological processes. Plants and light are major components of the geographic environment. Light is a critical factor that affects ecological systems. In this study, we focused on simulating light transmission and distribution within a three-dimensional plant c...

The 3D complex building models are commonly of massive data, detailed appearance and sophisticated topology. The LOD modelling and real-time visualization of such models have hampered the wider applications of Virtual Geographic Environments. Aimed at the drawback of traditional simplification methods—difficult to locate the components, primitives that have to be decimated, this paper proposes ...

the bahía blanca estuary, located at the atlantic coast of argentina, includes a governmental nature reserve to protect biodiversity, lands and water; however, as the process of industrialization and urbanization is stepping rapidly at the neighbouring area, the potential increase in contaminant loads is a serious concern. after several contaminants surveys at the estuary, no single study has b...

the usage and production of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) was banned in argentina in2002, approximately twenty to thirty years later than in other countries. a total of 29 sediment samples (upto 14 m deep) were analyzed for a mix of seven individual pcbs in a time series for over more than one year in twelve selected locations, including harbors, recreational docks and several industrialized...

four halotolerant fungal isolates originating from the saltwater lake urmia in iran were selected during a screening program for salt resistance and α-amylase activity. the isolates were identified based on sequencing the its region and a part of the β-tubulin gene, as penicillium chrysogenum (isolate u1; cbs 132820), fusarium incarnatum (isolate u2; cbs 132821), and penicillium polonicum (isol...