Preterm neonates are susceptible to gastrointestinal disorders such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Maternal milk and colostrum protects against NEC via growth promoting, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial factors. The fetal enteral diet amniotic fluid (AF), contains similar components, and we hypothesized that postnatal AF administration reduces inflammatory responses and NEC in preterm n...

OBJECTIVES To quantify the relationship between indwelling devices (urinary catheters, feeding tubes, and peripherally inserted central catheters) and carriage of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in nursing home residents. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Community nursing home in Southeast Michigan. PARTICIPANTS Residents with indwelling devices (n=100) and randomly selected control resi...

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of morbidity in preterm infants. We hypothesize that the intestinal injury in this disease is a consequence of synergy among three of the major risk factors for NEC: prematurity, enteral feeding, and bacterial colonization. Together these factors result in an exaggerated inflammatory response, leading to ischemic bowel necrosis. Human mi...

A generalisation of a perturbed version of the Ostrowski inequality for twice differentiable mappings is studied. It is shown that the error bounds are better than those obtained previously. Applications for general quadrature formulae are also given.

Necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in neonates. The etiology is considered multifactorial. Risk factors include prematurity, enteral feeding, hypoxia, and bacterial colonization. The etiologic role of viruses is unclear. We present a case of necrotizing enterocolitis associated with cytomegalovirus and Proteobacteria in a 48-day-old, ex-premature infant and ...

For us neonatologists, research about necrotizing enterocolitis always incites great curiosity, because our understanding of its physiopathology is largely speculative, and this illness haunts the neonatal intensive care unit. Nowadays, as viability increases, the prevalence of necrotizing enterocolitis is becoming more important because we are taking care of more immature and lower birth-weigh...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of oral administration of probiotics on intestinal colonization with drug-resistant bacteria among preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in the preterm infants who were transferred to the NICU immediately after birth. These infants were stratified by whether they...

OBJECTIVES The size of active network (C) of Iranian population is a very important parameter to estimate the size of unknown population using Network Scale Up (NSU) technique. However, there is little information about this parameter not only in Iran but also in other countries in Middle East region. Based on these needs, the aim of this paper is to estimate C for the Iranian population. MET...