OBJECTIVE Injuries of upper cervical spine are potentially fatal. Thus, appropriate diagnosis and treatment is essential. In our institute, preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been performed for evaluation of injuries of bony and vascular structure. The authors confirmed the engorged venous plexus within injured posterior neck muscle. We have this research to clarify the rela...

The responses of the mammary microvasculature in lactating goats (n = 8) during feed withdrawal (18-20 h) and mammary engorgement (26-28 h of milk accumulation) were compared using an indicator-dilution technique with FITC-albumin and [(14)C]sucrose as the intravascular and diffusible indicators, respectively. Feed withdrawal and mammary engorgement caused a 50-60% decrease in mammary arterial ...

• In the intact animal or man, pulmonary engorgement and edema are generally assessed on clinical and radiographic grounds. In the present study, pulmonary engorgement or a combination of pulmonary engorgement and edema was produced experimentally in anesthetized dogs and an attempt was made to distinguish between the two categories on the basis of measurements of the pulmonary blood volume, th...

Ticks harbour rich and diverse microbiota and, among the microorganisms associated with them, endosymbionts are subject of a growing interest due to their crucial role in biology arthropod host. Midichloria mitochondrii is main endosymbiont European tick Ixodes ricinus found abundance all I. females, while at much lower density males, where it even absent 56 % individuals. This also known incre...

Background: The most important factor affecting weight gain after birth is the type and mode of neonatal feeding. The most suitable nutrition is exclusive breastfeeding. However, breastfeeding can be accompanied with some difficulties, such as breast engorgement, which results in neonatal feeding complications. Breast Oketani-massage therapy is proposed as a treatment for breast engorgement. Ai...

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is caused by single or multiple cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in the spine with the prototypical symptom of postural headache. One of the characteristic MRI features in SIH is intracranial venous engorgement. This report presents a case of SIH with engorgement of the bilateral superior ophthalmic veins (SOVs) which resume their normal diameters by th...

Background: Breast feeding is not easy but it worthy; since provides all nourishment to baby needs, the primi women need be responsible mother, so as best support health of her generation.Objective: Thus this article studies about effective strategies planned teaching program on engorgement among mothers.Research Design: A pre- quasi experiment with one group pre-test and post-test design was u...

Epidural venous plexus engorgement may occur due to several conditions that prevent the normal venous circulation. Inferior vena cava agenesis is a very rare cause of epidural venous enlargement. We present a case with a very thin inferior vena cava and left iliac vein agenesis who presented with back pain due to epidural vein engorgement and lacked other venous problems such as deep vein throm...