in this research, energetic andexergetic analysis of calcium oxide formation, co2 emissions, andenvironmental effects during the clinker production process in rotary kilnare investigated. first the energy and exergy analysis of rotary kiln were carried out according to the first and second law of thermodynamics based on dead state, respectively. consequently, the amount of co2 emissions associa...

more than 50% of the global population already lives in urban settlements which are projected to absorb almost all the global population growth to 2050, amounting to some additional three billion people. over the next decades the increase in rural population in many developing countries will be overshadowed by population flows to cities. rural populations globally are expected to peak at a leve...

pressurized irrigation is a recent development that consumes more energy for the pressure produced. in thisstudy, energy consumption, waste and efficiency were investigated at a diesel and electrical sprinklerirrigation pumping plant in some fields in hamadan province during 2007-8. nebraska performance criteria(npc) were used to compare sprinkler irrigation pumping plant performance. the resul...

abstract a basic aim of low energy architecture is to create a thermally comfortable internal environment for building occupants whilst consuming the least possible amount of energy. in desert countries this aim is more difficult to achieve since high ambient air temperatures create a barrier to comfort. traditional building types of these countries, such as courtyard building, have evolved to ...

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climate change and its possible impacts on the environment and socio-economic systems now constitute the most important environmental problem facing mankind in the 21st century. climate change will increase poverty and hardship, endanger food security, destabilize economies, decrease food and water and create social insecurity in many countries and undermine our goals for achieving sustainable ...

background & aim: energy is one of important debates in agriculture ecology and for this reason; the ratio of output and input energy in different agriculture ecosystems has been calculated. if one can reduce, input energy level into farms through the indices like poisons, fertilization, tractor energy and lab our force. in addition to the net income of the farmers, this issue would play a ...

an experiment was performed to investigate the energy efficiency and effect of poultry house size on energy productivity in 3 different capacity management systems. capacities of houses were 10000(3 housings), 20000 (2 housings) and 28000 (1 housing) birds per production period and were assigned as hi, hii and hiii respectively. this experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design ap...