After lightning, precipitation formed, these lightning phenomena occur in the atmosphere by high power laser pulse. After striking the laser pulse, condensation and water drop formation take place in the atmosphere. It is well known that, for water drop formation, condensation must occurred (condensation is the basic need for water drops formation).Condensation means, heat energy subtraction. H...

Some cyclic molecules have been proposed as liquid-organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) due to their ability undergo dehydrogenation reversibly, with ones containing nitrogen in the ring showing special stability. Here, we examined one of these, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ), for use an endothermic fuel thermal protection hypersonic aircraft engines. The conversion and heats reaction were measu...

During hatching, there is a maturation of the mechanisms controlling the respiratory physiology involved in endotherm in precocial avian species. Here we examined the timing of the development of an endothermic response of oxygen uptake (MO2) to an alteration of ambient temperature (T(a)) in a model precocial species, the preterm and hatching emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae). Late stage pre-pippe...

Precocial birds begin embryonic life with an ectothermic metabolic phenotype and rapidly develop an endothermic phenotype after hatching. Switching to a high-energy, endothermic phenotype requires high-functioning respiratory and cardiovascular systems to deliver sufficient environmental oxygen to the tissues. We measured tidal volume (VT), breathing frequency (ƒ), minute ventilation (V̇e), and ...

The aim of the present research was to fabricate and study crystal structure and phase composition of Bi5FeTi3O15 (BTFO) ceramics exhibiting Aurivillius type structure. By means of simultaneous thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis the process of synthesis of BTFO ceramics has been studied. Mixed oxide method followed by pressureless sintering was used for ceramics preparation. Three ...

Following the laser ablation studies leading to a theory of nuclei confinement by a Debye layer mechanism, we present here numerical evaluations for the known stable nuclei where the Coulomb repulsion is included as a rather minor component especially for lager nuclei. In this research paper the required physical conditions for the formation and stability of nuclei particularly endothermic nucl...

How animals allocate energy to different body functions is still not completely understood and a challenging topic until recently. Here, we investigate in more detail the allocation of energy intake to growth, reproduction or heat production by developing energy budget models for ectothermic and endothermic vertebrates using a mathematical approach. We calculated energy intake functions of ecto...