OBJECTIVES This study aims to perform a biomechanical comparison of changes on motion segments after minimally invasive percutaneous endoscopically discectomized and intact spine and to investigate the effects of endoscopic discectomy on the lumbar spine of the lamb. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten fresh-frozen lamb spines were used in this study. Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy was performed on...

BACKGROUND We sought to construct a general methodology for objectively quantifying the learning curve associated with any surgical technique and to determine the number of cases needed to achieve a success rate of 90% for the technique of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy. To our knowledge, no other studies have observed the learning curve of endoscopic lumbar discectomy by transfora...

Percutaneous endoscopic laser discectomy (PELD) is a painful intervention that requires deep sedation and analgesia. However, sedation should be light at some point because cooperation by the patient during the procedure is required for successful surgical treatment. Light sedation poses a problem for endotracheal intubation, while patients placed in the prone position during percutaneous endos...

In conventional percutaneous disc surgery, introducing instruments into disc space starts by inserting a guide needle into the triangular working zone. However, landing the guide needle tip on the annular window is a challenging step in endoscopic discectomy. Surgeons tend to repeat the needling procedure to reach an optimal position on the annular target. Obturator guiding technique is a modif...

Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PED) is a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of lumbar foraminal or extraforaminal and foraminal disc herniations that represent up to 11% of all lumbar herniated discs (1-4) Another study defined that farlateral disc herniations, constituting 7% to 12% of all disc herniations, typically migrate cranially as they extended laterally, foraminally, a...

Aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate incidence discitis amongst patients undergoing endoscopic spine surgery. Material and Methods: A total 116 were included in which underwent discectomy. Patients followed up postoperative period for any backpain. They evaluated clinically subjected laboratory radiological investigations establish diagnosis discitis. given IV antibiotics initially ...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous endoscopic laminar discectomy is a typical minimally invasive discectomy operation that is classified into the percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy and the percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy. Based on whether the surgeon chooses to deal with the ligamentum flavum under endoscope guidance, percutaneous endoscopic discectomy by the interlaminar ap...