The hydraulic jump has been studied as an important method for energy dissipation downstream water structures. Several methods have been used to optimize the hydraulic jump length. One of the common methods was the use of end sill. Steps may be used to control the location of the hydraulic jump downstream of hydraulic structures. Extensive studies have been conducted to investigate the effect o...

Storfjorden in the Svalbard Archipelago is a sill-fjord that produces significant volumes of dense, brineenriched shelf water through ice formation. The dense water produced in the fjord overflows the sill and can reach deep into the Fram Strait. For conditions corresponding to a moderate ice production year, the pathway of the overflow, its descent and evolving water mass properties due to mix...

High latitude ocean gateway changes are thought to play a key role in Cenozoic climate evolution. However, the underlying ocean dynamics are poorly understood. Here we use a fully coupled atmosphere-ocean model to investigate the effect of ocean gateway formation that is associated with the subsidence of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge. We find a threshold in sill depth (∼50 m) that is linked to t...

Scour downstream (DS) of hydraulic structures (HS) may endanger the safety of the structures if the necessary precuations are not considered during the design stage. Normally, different measures produce different effects on reducing the maximum scour depth DS of HS. One of the important HSs is the abruptly enlarged (or sudden expanding) stilling basins. In this paper, the effects of different a...

Recently, Armi and Riemenschneider (2008) improved the two-layer hydraulic theory and applied it to the co-located sill and contraction. The main goal in this study is to compare the new theory with a non-hydrostatic numerical model. To this end, the numerical model is employed for two different geometries. The first geometry is steep topography with co-located contraction and the second geomet...

Stilling basins are designed to reduce the high kinetic energy of supercritical flow in a downstream spillway. The USBR II stilling basin is distinguished by chute blocks fixed at upstream end and dented sill end, allowing for effective dissipation excess energy. This research investigates effect chute-block geometry on hydraulic performance basin. Six modified chute-blocks with identical dimen...

This research paper investigates about the performance of stilling basin models with different geometry of intermediate sill having height equivalent to the diameter of pipe outlet. The experimental study was carried out for three Froude numbers namely 3.85, 2.85 and 1.85 for non-circular pipe outlet. Performance index (PI) has been used to evaluate the performance of stilling basin models test...

In the deep Canada Basin, below the sill depth (about 2400 m) of the Alpha-Mendeleyev Ridge, potential temperature and salinity first increase with depth, then remain uniform from about 2600 m to the bottom (approximately 3500 m). Year-long moored measurements of temperature, salinity and pressure in these deep and homogeneous bottom waters reveal significant vertical excursions with periods of...