نتایج جستجو برای: embryotoxicity introduction
تعداد نتایج: 376702 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
In line with the recommendations of an ECVAM workshop on reproductive toxicity, held in 1994 (1), ECVAM initiated and funded a validation study of three in vitro embryotoxicity tests. In two of these assays, pregnant laboratory animals are used to obtain embryonic tissue — either primary embryonic cells in the mouse micromass (MM) test or embryos in the rat whole embryo culture (WEC) test. In c...
Preclinical studies in rodents have demonstrated that artemisinins, especially injectable artesunate, can induce fetal death and congenital malformations at a low dose range. The embryotoxicity can be induced in those animals only within a narrow window in early embryogenesis. Evidence was presented that the mechanism by which embryotoxicity of artemisinins occurs seems to be limited to fetal e...
Within EU approval policies, most dispersant ecotoxicity testing considers lethal concentrations for marine adult species, overlooking the embryotoxicological effects. Here we studied of two commercial formulations (dispersant A and B) on embryogenesis ascidian Ciona robusta. Embryotoxicity phenotypic alterations stated that B resulted more toxic than (EC50 value 44.30 160 μg mL−1, respectively...
This study was conducted under the Italian Ministerial Decree D.M. 173/2016 which regulates assessment of Sediment Class Quality in Italy using ecotoxicological bioassay and chemical analysis (Weight-Of-Evidence model). The aim this work to evaluate real classification obtained by theoretically equivalent responses nine different combinations batteries based on six species: Aliivibrio fischeri ...
Herbicides are one of the major classes of pollutants contaminating coastal waters over the world. Among them, diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) is a phenylurea herbicide frequently detected in oyster-producing area, known to be toxic for this important exploited non-target species. With the aim to investigate the mechanisms by which diuron displays its toxicity in oyster, the im...
Deoxynivalenol (DON) belongs to the type B group of trichothecenes family, which is composed of sesquiterpenoid metabolites produced by Fusarium and other fungi in grain. DON may cause various toxicities, such as cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity as well as teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. In the present study, we focus on a hypothesis that DON alters the expressions of Nrf2/HO-1 pa...
The embryonic Stem cell Test (EST) is a validated assay for testing embryotoxicity in vitro. The total duration of this protocol is 10 days, and its main end-point is based on histological determinations. It is suggested that improvements on EST must be focused toward molecular end-points and, if possible, to reduce the total assay duration. Five days of exposure of D3 cells in monolayers under...
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