The article discusses the relationship between political parties and the state in Estonia. The analysis focuses on the development of a legal framework for political parties, different trends in public party financing, and the circulation of people between political and administrative elites. Elite circulation is examined by looking at the movement of people from political to bureaucratic posit...

Audiences are usually seen as groups of people who collectively or individually read, watch or hear works of arts. This mode of relationship is referred to as reception as opposed to creation, which is supposed to be the productive stage of the artistic communication process. Art becomes the product of an independent elite, which does not respond to an audience's demands but opposes the dominan...

Phase I. Discovering the new construct’s domain space (i.e., the relevant associated behaviors within the environment encompassed by the proposed construct) (determine the key behaviors that best represent a construct, from the perspective of the theory-based literature, experts, and target participants for whom the construct is being defined) Step 1a. Behavioral elicitation through literature ...

This paper proposes a methodology for using survey data to understand the composition of elites, through analysing the pool of potential members. An occupational-based measure of ‘potential power elite’ is created and compared with other measures of occupational advantage. It is argued that this measure can be utilised to explore if the processes causing certain social groups to be under-repres...

Current situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Education for the liberal professions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Elite education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 General...

Our research deals with the relationship between voice and gesture during speech in an interview situation. In this study, we focus on rapid eyebrow movements during questioning. Eyebrow movements were recorded using a motion analysis system (ELITE) enabling computer reconstruction of the trajectories of small infrared retroflexive markers attached to the subject's skin. This kinematic data and...

This paper presents the perspective of a range of practising South African artists on the contextual factors influencing the recent surge in artistic creativity and innovation in their country. In particular, the ‘edginess’ of the everyday contexts of artistic endeavour is seen as a source of transformative learning for those having the courage to engage with it. Through such ‘dangerous’ learni...

Procedural content generation (PCG) is typically considered a feature of digital games. Commonly cited “first” uses of PCG are usually digital games from the early 1980s: Rogue or Elite. However, when broadly construed, PCG simply means that content is generated following a formal procedure—the agent that enacts this procedure is merely assumed to be a computer. The precursors to what we now ca...