one of the important issues in transportation and logistics systems is vehicle routing problem (vrp). the vehicle routing problem is concerned with finding efficient routes of minimum total cost, beginning and ending at a central depot, for a fleet of vehicles to serve a number of customers. on the other hand, as a result of the increasing environmental concerns, economic problems and pressure ...

The increasing use of electric vehicles in road and air transportation, especially last-mile delivery city mobility, raises new operational challenges due to the limited capacity batteries. These limitations impose additional driving range constraints when optimizing distribution mobility plans. During last years, several researchers from Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence, Operations Re...

in this article, multiple-product pvrp with pickup and delivery that is used widely in goods distribution or other service companies, especially by railways, was introduced. a mathematical formulation was provided for this problem. each product had a set of vehicles which could carry the product and pickup and delivery could simultaneously occur. to solve the problem, two meta-heuristic methods...

Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is addressed to a class of problems for determining a set of vehicle routes, in which each vehicle departs from a given depot, serves a given set of customers, and returns back to the same depot. On the other hand, simultaneous delivery and pickup problems have drawn much attention in the past few years due to its high usage in real world cases. This study, therefo...

The single vehicle routing problem with multiple routes is a variant of the vehicle routing problem where the vehicle can be dispatched to several routes during its workday to serve a number of customers. In this paper we propose a goal programming model for multi-objective single vehicle routing problem with time windows and multiple routes. To solve the model, we present a heuristic method wh...

Two-echelon distribution systems are attractive from an economical standpoint and help keeping large vehicles out of densely populated city centers. Large trucks can be used to deliver goods to intermediate facilities in accessible locations, whereas smaller vehicles allow to reach the final customers. Due to their reduced size, pollution, and noise emissions, multiple distribution companies ar...

We study the problem of electric vehicle routing in road networks. Careful route planning is important, especially when planning far trips, because the battery capacity of electric vehicles is limited and charging stations are rare compared to gas stations. This makes it necessary to plan the route and all charging stops beforehand, so that the battery does not deplete along the way. While cons...

Planning a trip with an electric vehicle requires consideration of both battery dynamics and the availability of charging infrastructure. Recharging costs for an electric vehicle, which increase as the battery’s charge level increases, are fundamentally different than refueling costs for conventional vehicles, which do not depend on the amount of fuel already in the tank. Furthermore, the viabi...

the inventory routing problem (irp) arises in the context of vendor-managed systems. this problem addresses jointly solving an inventory management problem and a vehicle routing problem. in this paper, we consider a multi-depot multi-vehicle inventory routing problem in which suppliers produce one type of product to be delivered to customers during a finite time horizon. we propose a two-phase ...