This invited lecture was presented at the Extension Division of the University of W isconsin at a time when cellular telephone (hence the somewhat obsolete wording of the title) had not yet reached its wide acceptance, but system designers were rightfully concerned with surge protection of that emerging technology. One particular aspect of a cell phone relay tower is that it is often installed ...

Major issues of NBI power supplies are a high-speed switching, regulation and transmission of dc ultra high voltage, and suppression of surge energy input to the beam source at breakdown. A GTO(gate turn off thyristor) inverter type power supply where the control is performed at low voltage ac side was designed for the ITER NB. Based on the remarkable progress of a high power IEGT (injection en...

conclusions in this study, some characteristics that had a positive impact on the success of a manager in a hospital surge situation were identified. these characteristics ought to be taken into account when appointing hospital administrators and designing training programs for hospital administrators with the aim of being better prepared to face disasters. background hospital administrators pl...

The recent surge in interest in the metal-enhanced fluorescence MEF phenomenon and its numerous applications in the biosciences has fueled research into identifying alternative metals to silver which have desirable properties, such as enhanced emission and fluorophore photostability. In this paper, we subsequently study and reveal that tin nanodeposits are a suitable metal for MEF with an elect...

Electric breakdown in air occurs for electric fields exceeding 34 kV/cm and results in a large current surge that propagates along unpredictable trajectories. Guiding such currents across specific paths in a controllable manner could allow protection against lightning strikes and high-voltage capacitor discharges. Such capabilities can be used for delivering charge to specific targets, for elec...

This paper introduces the indicators for surge arrester condition assessment based on the leakage current analysis. Maximum amplitude of fundamental harmonic of the resistive leakage current, maximum amplitude of third harmonic of the resistive leakage current and maximum amplitude of fundamental harmonic of the capacitive leakage current were used as indicators for surge arrester condition mon...

Computer modeling with the EMTP code has been applied to several configurations and earthing practices in use in various countries to show the effect of any differences in the dispersion (sharing) of a lightning stroke current among the available paths for the earth-seeking lightning current. Simplifying assumptions have been made to some details of the configurations to focus on the main diffe...

Two event studies are presented in this paper where intense convergent electric fields, with mapped intensities up to 1350 mV/m, are measured in the auroral upward current region by the Cluster spacecraft, at altitudes between 3 and 5 Earth radii. Both events are from May 2003, Southern Hemisphere, with equatorward crossings by the Cluster spacecraft of the pre-midnight auroral oval. Event 1 oc...

In a hydroelectric power plant or in a pumping station in order to avoid sudden large increase of pressure due to instantaneous valve closure sometimes a surge tank is installed. The height of surge tank is designed by the highest possible water level during the operation. The theoretical treatment of oscillation in a surge tank is difficult because of the non-linearity of friction term in the ...

The proliferation of surge-protective devices and switch-mode power supplies has radically changed the surge environment in the low-voltage AC mains. Monitoring surge voltages has lost significance and can be misleading. Instead, surge currents should be monitored. The paper describes the performance of a silicon-based surge-protective device acting as a "magnet" for impinging surges in the pre...