Recent transformations in the media and communications environment have prompted states to invest heavily external pursue inter-state competition. Among authoritarian countries, Russia China invested particularly international news, through outlets like RT CGTN. However, few comparative studies examined differences between states’ use of news for geopolitical purposes. This article conducts a c...

This study combines data analysis with multilevel processing of visual communication to classify the frames state-sponsored social media propaganda. We relied on Twitter’s Election Integrity sample five propaganda targets Internet Research Agency, including Russian and American partisan groups, explored how their operations deviated from canonical state marked by symbols national identity heroi...

The purpose of this essay is to offer criteria for the identification of propaganda as a type of discourse, and for the analysis and evaluation of argumentation used in propaganda.1 Ten essential characteristics (as well as several other typical properties) of propaganda as an identifiable type of discourse are given. Some advice is given on how to analyze argumentation in propaganda, and to re...

This article explores shifting definitions of propaganda, because how we define the slippery enterprise determines whether we perceive propaganda to be ethical or unethical. I also consider the social psychology and semantics of propaganda, because our ethics are shaped by and reflect our belief systems, values, and language behaviors. Finally, in the article I redefine propaganda in a way that...

This paper examines Jason Stanley’s account of propaganda. I begin with an overview and some questions about the structure of that account. I then argue for two main conclusions. First, I argue that Stanley’s account over-generalizes, by counting mere incompetent argumentation as propaganda. But this problem can be avoided, by emphasizing the role of emotions in effective propaganda more than S...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of an index in increasing recognition of misleading problem framing in articles and manuscripts. DESIGN A propaganda index consisting of 32 items was developed drawing on related literature. Seventeen subjects who review manuscripts for possible publication were requested to read five recent published reports of randomized controlled trials concerning ...

Propaganda and surveillance are pervasive in contemporary society. Extensive literatures have developed around each. George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four is an important point of reference in both literatures. Orwell takes both propaganda and surveillance to extreme limits: total surveillance and total propaganda. Writing them large he brings important aspects of each into sharp relief, which i...

This article reflects on the role of journalism in deconstruction fake news propaganda that came out media last day 2019 parliamentary election campaign Portugal. We collected items carried by Portuguese and contextualised this coverage with regard to impact disinformation confidence help data collated as part Digital News Report project. found journalistic scrutiny, aided characteristics syste...

This study aims to promote the participation of women in gubernatorial election. Gender issues remain an essential source inequality political since men are more politically active than findings various studies. As second highest ranking Human Development Index nationally, it is surprising that (GDI) East Kalimantan Province ranks third lowest Indonesia. one GDI’s indicators, women’s participat...

or propaganda. Propaganda is a wide term; it doesn't simply mean warning the people of the existence of an evil?tuberculosis in this instance?and working them up into a state of panic, nor, on the other hand, telling them^that they simply have to do is this or that, and all will be well?with them and their families at least. It is much more comprehensive than this. Unfortunately, during the las...