We have previously proposed that fibrin deposition on tumor cells during their migration in the blood could protect them from elimination by natural killer (NK) or other cytotoxic cells. Anticoagulant drugs could prevent fibrin coagulation and increase the efficiency of cytotoxic effector cells in tumor cell elimination. To further investigate the protective roles of fibrin, we studied in vitro...

In vitro human natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity (NCMC) to K-562, Molt-4, and F-265 cells is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by mannose 6-phosphate, fructose 1-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate. This inhibition is not observed with mannose, glucose, fucose, glucose 6-phosphate, mannose 1-phosphate, galactose 1-phosphate, or galactose 6-phosphate. Preincubation of the effector cells, obta...

IL-2-activated NK cells exhibit cytotoxic activity against a wide variety of tumor cells in a non-MHC-restricted fashion and in the absence of prior sensitization. The molecular mechanisms that regulate the cytotoxicity and attachment of activated killer cells to tumor target cells are not known. We provide genetic evidence in CD44(-/-) and LFA-1(-/-) mice that the cell adhesion receptors LFA-1...

Sinclair strain miniature swine spontaneously develop and regress malignant melanoma lesions, with uveitis and vitiligo occurring subsequent to tumor regression. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of Sinclair swine undergoing tumor regression and melanocyte destruction demonstrated significant lytic activity against K562, porcine semiallogeneic uveal melanocytes, and melanoma cells in 4-h chrom...

High expression of folate receptors is characteristic for the effector cell population of synovial macrophages in synovial inflammation. A new drug conjugate, EC0746, targets the folate inhibitor aminopterin to folate receptors. In vitro studies show that this conjugate acts antiproliferatively and inhibits cytokine production by macrophage cell lines. Moreover, it shows strong anti-arthritic e...

The ability to perform different tasks by a serial manipulator mounted on legged robots, increases the capabilities of the robot. The position/force control problem of such a robot in the stance phase with point contacts on the ground is investigated here. A target plane with known stiffness is specified in the workspace. Active joints of the legs and serial manipulator are used to exert the de...

Antibody-drug conjugates are monoclonal antibodies conjugated to cytotoxic agents. They use antibodies that are specific to tumour cell-surface proteins and, thus, have tumour specificity and potency not achievable with traditional drugs. Design of effective antibody-drug conjugates for cancer therapy requires selection of an appropriate target, a monoclonal antibody against the target, potent ...

Immunotherapy is the modulation of a patient’s immune system to treat illness. Unfortunately many T cell based attempts have failed due to the fact that existing tumorspecific T cells are mostly anergic or tolerized and ex vivo generated T cells are often already of exhausted phenotype. Therefore, investigators have developed alternative approaches including bispecific antibody technology to re...