In the Great Lakes region, little data exist on the distribution of exotic earthworm species or their relative impacts to soil structure and plant communities in forest types other than those dominated by sugar maple. Our objective was to document the earthworm populations in relation to their proximity to human development (e.g., campgrounds, boat landings, roads) in beech-maple dominated fore...

The poultry industry is one of the most important/vibrant sectors in livestock industry. Feed economics highly important production poultry, especially intensive farming. Protein intake key factor for sustainable process and growth rates. Mainly soybean fish meal used to fulfill protein requirements feed, however, currently, other conventional ingredients are facing problem shortage supply resu...

Identification of factors that drive changes in plant community structure and contribute to decline and endangerment of native plant species is essential to the development of appropriate management strategies. Introduced species are assumed to be driving causes of shifts in native plant communities, but unequivocal evidence supporting this view is frequently lacking. We measured native vegetat...

Abstract The set Γ def = {(z + w, zw) : |z| ≤ 1, |w| ≤ 1} ⊂ C has intriguing complex-geometric properties; it has a 3-parameter group of automorphisms, its distinguished boundary is a ruled surface homeomorphic to the Möbius band and it has a special subvariety which is the only complex geodesic that is invariant under all automorphisms. We exploit this geometry to develop an explicit and detai...

In this study, the bioavailability and enantioselectivity differences between bifenthrin (BF, typeⅠpyrethroid) and lambad-cyhalothrin (LCT, type Ⅱ pyrethroid) in earthworm (Eisenia fetida) were investigated. The bio-soil accumulation factors (BSAFs) of BF was about 4 times greater than that of LCT. LCT was degraded faster than BF in soil while eliminated lower in earthworm samples. Compound sor...

BACKGROUND The potential benefits of earthworm (Pheretima aspergillum) for healing have received considerable attention recently. Osteoblast and osteoclast activities are very important in bone remodeling, which is crucial to repair bone injuries. This study investigated the effects of earthworm extract on bone cell activities. METHODS Osteoblast-like MG-63 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophage cell...

BACKGROUND Earthworms are important for maintaining soil ecosystem functioning and serve as indicators of soil fertility. However, detection of earthworms is time-consuming, which hinders the assessment of earthworm abundances with high sampling density over entire fields. Recent developments of mobile terrestrial sensor platforms for proximal soil sensing (PSS) provided new tools for collectin...

The invasion of exotic earthworms into northern temperate and boreal forests previously devoid of earthworms is an important driver of ecosystem change. Earthworm invasion can cause significant changes in soil structure and communities, nutrient cycles, and the diversity and abundance of herbaceous plants. However, the regional extent and patterns of this invasion are poorly known. We conducted...