[1] Stable isotope and elemental measurements were conducted on foraminifera from a sequence of calcareous pelagic ooze at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1209 to document the thermal evolution of the North Pacific water column over Shatsky Rise and to address long-standing questions about the nature of oceanic circulation in the early Paleogene. A major change in seasonality and water column struc...

The early Cenozoic was characterized by a very warm climate especially during the Early Eocene. To understand climatic changes in eastern Asia, we reconstructed the Early Eocene vegetation and climate based on palynological data of a borehole from Wutu coal mine, East China and evaluated the climatic differences between eastern Asia and Central Europe. The Wutu palynological assemblages indicat...

In this study, the assemblage of calcareous nannofossils has been investigated in long and continuous deposits from a Kafaz section in Eastern Iran. A systematic study of calcareous nannofossils has indicated 39 nannofossils species. In order to the age determination of Kafaz's deposits, a revised zonation for the Eocene is used. Based on it, the Early-Middle Eocene deposits of Kafaz section is...

To characterize the ecology and physiology of common late Eocene–early Oligocene White River mammals, we analyzed the carbon and oxygen isotope composition of tooth enamel carbonate for six of the most abundant taxa: the perissodactyls Brontops (brontothere), Mesohippus (equid) and Subhyracodon (rhino); and the artiodactyls Merycoidodon (oreodont), Leptomeryx (leptomerycid) and Poebrotherium (c...

The diversity of modern herbivorous insects and their pressure on plant hosts generally increase with decreasing latitude. These observations imply that the diversity and intensity of herbivory should increase with rising temperatures at constant latitude. Insect damage on fossil leaves found in southwestern Wyoming, from the late Paleocene-early Eocene global warming interval, demonstrates thi...

Undisputed anthropoids appear in the fossil record of Africa and Asia by the middle Eocene, about 45 Ma. Here, we report the discovery of an early Eocene eosimiid anthropoid primate from India, named Anthrasimias, that extends the Asian fossil record of anthropoids by 9-10 million years. A phylogenetic analysis of 75 taxa and 343 characters of the skull, postcranium, and dentition of Anthrasimi...

[1] Abundant and well-preserved marine macrofossils on Seymour Island, Antarctica, provide a valuable resource to establish paleoenvironmental conditions at high southern latitudes during the warm Paleogene. Stable isotope, minor element, and Sr/Sr compositions have been measured for the aragonite bivalve Cucullaea from the Eocene La Meseta Formation. The Sr/Sr stratigraphy suggests an early to...

Four new scorpionfly species of the family Cimbrophlebiidae (Mecoptera) are described in the genus Cimbrophlebia Willmann from two localities of the far-western North American Early Eocene Okanagan Highlands: C. flabelliformis sp. n. and C. leahyi sp. n. from McAbee, British Columbia, Canada; and C. brooksi sp. n. and C. westae, sp. n. from Republic, Washington, U.S.A. A further, partially pres...

“Miacid” carnivorans comprise one of the modern mammal groups appearing around the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) in the Northern Hemisphere. Here we describe a new very small “miacid” carnivoran from the earliest Eocene of Dormaal, Belgium, that shares a particu− lar dental morphology with the species “Miacis” winkleri and “Miacis” rosei from the early Eocene of North America. The th...

We document nine lower-middle Eocene sequences on the New Jersey coastal plain and compare them with global dO and Haq et al. records. Early Eocene hiatuses do not match dO changes, and it is unlikely that they are the result of glacioeustasy, consistent with an ice-free early Eocene. Early-middle Eocene (49–43 Ma) evidence for a link between sequences and dO is equivocal, and the presence of l...