Increased understanding of how the well-being of the fetus is affected by prenatal behavior has focused attention on the ethical issues surrounding fetuses. In this article the sources of societal disapproval of drug-abusing, pregnant women are explored, and the relationship between our moral judgments and public policies is discussed. In examining the nature of a pregnant woman’s obligation to...

a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Box #29, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA b Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, USA c University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gainesville, Florida, USA d University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Miami, Fl...

background and objective: nitric oxide (no) plays a role in thermoregulation and growth of protozoa. this work aimed to add the molecule no in physiology of protozoa in contact with abused narcotic substances. materials and methods: a sedative drug, morphine, was infused into a cell chamber containing paramecia . the cell response to the drug was recorded promptly after drug infusion using a po...