This paper describes the use of inductive logic programming techniques in a legislative drafting environment. The drafter supplies a set of positive and negative situations. These situations are transformed into normative rules, i.e. rules that oblige, forbid or permit behaviour. Drafters may impose four diierent types of requirements on the rule generation process, in order to obtain alternati...

Most legal tasks involve document preparation. Drafting effective texts is central to lawyering, judging, legislating, and regulating. How best to support that work with intelligent tools is an ancient topic in AI-and-Law circles. This article surveys the history and current state of document drafting software and associated theory. Present frontiers in both of those fields are identified, and ...

The numbers on the inner circle are those that exist in the modular arithmetic. If we continue beyond 7, as shown in the outer ring, the numbers wrap around the wheel. Numbers on the same spoke are equivalent. For example, 0 and 8 are equivalent, 1 and 9 are equivalent, 2 and 10 are equivalent, and so on. Another way to look at it is that when 9 is introduced into modular arithmetic with 8 shaf...

We describe a method for automated codiication of regulations that is being developed at the University of Amsterdam. The method is based on the distinction between normative knowledge and world knowledge (cf. (Breuker & den Haan 1991)). The world knowledge is used to generate all possible situations, which are in turn divided over a subset of legal situations and illegal situations. This bipar...

☆ Dr. Allen contributed to the drafting and editing; drafting and editing; Dr. Papadopoulos contributed to the contributed to the drafting, editing, and all final decisio interest; Dr. Charles has no conflict of interest; Dr. Pa interest; Dr. Avila has no conflict of interest.Funding: Non ⁎ Corresponding author at: Department of Neurology, M Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United ...

A change in technology can redefine roles in society. Skills that were previously considered specialties and/or optional can become required for the general population. Some recent examples include typing and drafting. Neither skill was expected from engineers before the widespread availability of personal computers. Secretaries performed the overwhelming majority of typing, and drafting techni...

While human-oriented controlled languages developed and applied in the domain of technical documentation have received considerable attention, language control exerted in the process of legislative drafting has, until recently, gone relatively unnoticed by the controlled language community. This paper considers existing legislative drafting guidelines from the perspective of controlled language...