A SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography using Tc-99m HMPAO) study of brain with segmental quantitative analysis was conducted to access the cerebral perfusion in cases of Downs syndrome (DS). Varying level of brain hypo-perfusion was documented, probably explaining the neurophysiologic basis of cognitive and neuropsychological deficits, which are not well understood in DS.

Memantine is a low-affinity, voltage-dependent, non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. It is classified as a neuroprotective aminoadamantane. It does not cure or reverse Alzheimer's but it does effectively treat symptoms, slows the progression of the disease and allows many patients to perform daily cognitive activities with clear thoughts. Based on it's success in pat...

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Rett syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked postnatal neurodevelopmental disorder, which is primarily caused by mutations in the gene encoding methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2). A number of MeCP2 target genes have been identified, including the neurotrophic factor BDNF; however, the functional relevance of these targets has not been established. In this issue of Neuron, Chang et al. provide the first...

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Objective. The aim of this paper is to describe a fatal case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in a patient with severe heart failure, who was treated with low-dose propranolol. Patient and Interventions. We report on a 7-month-old boy with Downs syndrome who was born with an unbalanced, left dominant atrioventricular septal defect and aortic coarctation. Despite coarctation repair an...