patterns in blood vessels with the directional ultrasonic Doppler technique through a transcutaneous approach. Jap Circ J 37: 735, 1973 37. Kalmanson D, Aigueperse J, Veyrat C, Cornec C, Chiche P: Noninvasive technique for diagnosing congenital and acquired ventricular septal defects using directional Doppler ultrasound. Correlations with phasic flow velocity patterns of the shunt. Br Heart J 3...

In weak GNSS signal environments, extending integration time is paramount to improving the GNSS receiver’s sensitivity. Furthermore, sufficient coherent integration can help to mitigate multipath and cross-correlation false locks and avoid squaring loss. However, extending integration time is limited by the navigation message data bit, if present. The maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method h...

D e s c r i p t i o n o f t e s t s a n d d i a g n o s t i c s t a n d a r d Blood for BNP levels was taken using the Triage BNP test (Biosite Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA), a point-of-care method based on fluorescence immunoassay. The BNP measurements were done on frozen plasma approximately 1 to 2 months after blood collection. Doppler echocardiography was done within 60 minutes of enroll...

This paper introduces a new and novel radar interferometry based on Doppler synthetic aperture radar (Doppler-SAR) paradigm. Conventional SAR interferometry relies on wideband transmitted waveforms to obtain high range resolution. Topography of a surface is directly related to the range difference between two antennas configured at different positions. Doppler-SAR is a novel imaging modality th...

OBJECTIVE Ultrasound is considered a safe imaging modality and is routinely applied during early pregnancy. However, reservations are expressed concerning the application of Doppler ultrasound in early pregnancy due to energy emission of the ultrasound probe and its conversion to heat. The objective of this study was to evaluate the thermal effects of emitted Doppler ultrasound of different ult...

Background Fetal growth restriction is the second leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is estimated to be approximately 5 percent in the general obstetric population. Abnormal uterine artery suggest a maternal cause for the growth restriction where as normal uterine artery Doppler studies suggest that a fetal cause. Use of u...

background: fetal color doppler is important for evaluation of hypoxia in intrauterine growth restriction (iugr) fetus. objective: in this study we compare fetal and maternal color doppler with blood gas analysis to detect fetal acidosis. materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study we evaluated 100 hospitalized patients with iugr for comparison of color doppler results with arterial bl...

In previous publications, a new echo-ranging Doppler system based on transmission of repetitive coherent frequency-modulated ͑FM͒ sinusoids in two different implementations was presented. One of these implementations, the frequency-modulated–frequency-shift measurement ͑FM–fsm͒ Doppler system is, in this paper, compared with its pulsed-wave counterpart, the pulsed-wave– time-shift measurement ͑PW–ts...

Accurate assessment of gestational age, fetal growth, and the detection of fetal and placental abnormalities are major benefits of sonography. Color Doppler can be used to assist in the identification of vascular architecture, detection of vascular pathology and visualization of blood flow changes associated with physiologic processes and disease states. The clinical applications of obstetrical...